Prints
Except otherwise stated, all results include the premium.
See also : Ancient prints Political writing Modern prints Prints by Picasso Prints by Warhol
Chronology : 1820-1829
See also : Ancient prints Political writing Modern prints Prints by Picasso Prints by Warhol
Chronology : 1820-1829
1795 Large Color Print by William Blake
2004 SOLD for $ 3.9M by Sotheby's
From his childhood and throughout his life, William Blake claims to have visions of God and the Angels. To please the archangels, he writes poems on the other world, illustrated in hand-colored engravings. That world shelters the dead, with whom he also communicates.
Of modest origin, son of a hosier, he follows an original path, wishing the union of all religions, in hostile reaction against the philosophers of Reason. To prepare his illuminated books, he develops in 1788 a technique of relief etching.
In 1795 Blake is tempted by using engraving techniques for images in larger format. He takes up twelve themes from his previous works, inspired by the Bible, Shakespeare and Milton, without forgetting the famous figures of Newton and Nebuchadnezzar. This set is known as the Large Color Prints. He reworked the finishing of several prints around 1805.
For this series he is preparing his drawings on gessoed cardboard, with perhaps one exception on copper. Each matrix can be used two to four times. The technique was not documented in period, but these images should not be assimilated to monotypes. The watercoloring is often very different between works from the same matrix.
The total surviving production for the 12 themes is 30 copies, three of which are in private hands. On May 5, 2004, Sotheby's sold a Large color print for $ 3.9M, lot 5. Its theme of Good and Evil Angels struggling for possession of a child is inspired from Swedenborg. This image 44 x 58 cm is vividly colored.
Of modest origin, son of a hosier, he follows an original path, wishing the union of all religions, in hostile reaction against the philosophers of Reason. To prepare his illuminated books, he develops in 1788 a technique of relief etching.
In 1795 Blake is tempted by using engraving techniques for images in larger format. He takes up twelve themes from his previous works, inspired by the Bible, Shakespeare and Milton, without forgetting the famous figures of Newton and Nebuchadnezzar. This set is known as the Large Color Prints. He reworked the finishing of several prints around 1805.
For this series he is preparing his drawings on gessoed cardboard, with perhaps one exception on copper. Each matrix can be used two to four times. The technique was not documented in period, but these images should not be assimilated to monotypes. The watercoloring is often very different between works from the same matrix.
The total surviving production for the 12 themes is 30 copies, three of which are in private hands. On May 5, 2004, Sotheby's sold a Large color print for $ 3.9M, lot 5. Its theme of Good and Evil Angels struggling for possession of a child is inspired from Swedenborg. This image 44 x 58 cm is vividly colored.
1824 Facsimile of the US Declaration of Independence
2021 SOLD for $ 4.4M by Freeman's
On July 19, 1776, a resolution from the US Congress decided that a manuscript duplicate of the Declaration of Independence had to be prepared for signature by every Congress member. It was made on parchment with the title The Unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America. The original copy signed on July 4 by John Hancock and Charles Thomson had not resurfaced, probably lost or scraped in the process of preparation of the Dunlap broadside.
The duplicate signed by the 56 delegates in early August, 1776 was becoming a symbol of the American liberty. Unfortunately it was badly deteriorating. In 1820 the Secretary of State and future President John Quincy Adams commissioned the printer William J. Stone to print an exact facsimile.
The engraving was made with a wet ink process by which some of the original ink was transferred to a copper plate which was etched. The engraving was completed and dated in 1823 and the printing was made in 1824 in 200 copies on 80 x 70 cm vellum. Approximately fifty are located.
Two copies were presented to one of the three surviving original signers, Charles Carroll of Carrollton, former delegate and senator of Maryland, aged 87. They were presented by Carroll to his grandson-in-law in 1826 after the death of the last two other signers, former Presidents John Adams and Jefferson.
One of them, inscribed by Carroll, went in 1844 to the Maryland Historical Society. The grandson-in-law copied this inscription on the other document with a reference to the autographed Carroll copy.
This second Carroll copy was discovered in a Scottish attic by Cathy Marsden, specialist of rare books at the Edinburgh auction company Lyon and Turnbull, and transferred for auction to their sister company Freeman's based in Philadelphia. It was sold by Freeman's on July 1, 2021 for $ 4.4M from a lower estimate of $ 500K, lot 1. Please watch the video shared by Freeman's.
The duplicate signed by the 56 delegates in early August, 1776 was becoming a symbol of the American liberty. Unfortunately it was badly deteriorating. In 1820 the Secretary of State and future President John Quincy Adams commissioned the printer William J. Stone to print an exact facsimile.
The engraving was made with a wet ink process by which some of the original ink was transferred to a copper plate which was etched. The engraving was completed and dated in 1823 and the printing was made in 1824 in 200 copies on 80 x 70 cm vellum. Approximately fifty are located.
Two copies were presented to one of the three surviving original signers, Charles Carroll of Carrollton, former delegate and senator of Maryland, aged 87. They were presented by Carroll to his grandson-in-law in 1826 after the death of the last two other signers, former Presidents John Adams and Jefferson.
One of them, inscribed by Carroll, went in 1844 to the Maryland Historical Society. The grandson-in-law copied this inscription on the other document with a reference to the autographed Carroll copy.
This second Carroll copy was discovered in a Scottish attic by Cathy Marsden, specialist of rare books at the Edinburgh auction company Lyon and Turnbull, and transferred for auction to their sister company Freeman's based in Philadelphia. It was sold by Freeman's on July 1, 2021 for $ 4.4M from a lower estimate of $ 500K, lot 1. Please watch the video shared by Freeman's.
A historic discovery! Our sister auction house, Freeman’s, is pleased to announce the sale of a signer’s copy of William J. Stone’s 1823 printing of the #DeclarationofIndependence recently rediscovered in Scotland by Lyon & Turnbull. Find out more: https://t.co/RiosDcVn4k pic.twitter.com/xSL20pV2Do
— Lyon & Turnbull (@LyonandTurnbull) June 24, 2021
1904-1905 Le Repas Frugal by PICASSO
1
2022 SOLD for £ 6M by Christie's
Back in Paris from Barcelona in 1904, Picasso moves to the Bateau-Lavoir in Montmartre, a workshop of experimental art in which the residents, whose destiny was to become famous artists, met the harsh realities of life.
Picasso appreciates that the saltimbanques cannot escape poverty. Le Repas Frugal (Frugal Meal) is his first trial in his mature period to print a pathetic image with a universal impact. Its technical and emotional success is total.
The figure for the blind clown is modeled from an acquaintance in Barcelona. The woman is Madeleine, Pablo's mistress who was already being superseded by Fernande Olivier. Their sharply rendered emaciated bodies and arms that increase the poignant effect are inspired from El Greco. This starving couple is featured in a wine shop which immediately evokes alcoholism.
The 46 x 37 cm images were printed individually from September 1904 to March 1905 by Auguste Delâtre on request by the artist. The total number is about 35. Only one is known from the first state. It is kept at the Musée Picasso in Paris.
A copy from the second state on a 65 x 50 cm laid Arches paper was sold by Christie's for £ 620K on November 30, 2004, lot 251, and for £ 6M on March 1, 2022, lot 69.
When Vollard took over the plate and inserted it into the series of Saltimbanques in 1913, he strengthened it by electroplating so that it can support a production run of 250. This operation eroded the definition, depth and clarity of the etched lines, reducing the graphic intensity.
Picasso appreciates that the saltimbanques cannot escape poverty. Le Repas Frugal (Frugal Meal) is his first trial in his mature period to print a pathetic image with a universal impact. Its technical and emotional success is total.
The figure for the blind clown is modeled from an acquaintance in Barcelona. The woman is Madeleine, Pablo's mistress who was already being superseded by Fernande Olivier. Their sharply rendered emaciated bodies and arms that increase the poignant effect are inspired from El Greco. This starving couple is featured in a wine shop which immediately evokes alcoholism.
The 46 x 37 cm images were printed individually from September 1904 to March 1905 by Auguste Delâtre on request by the artist. The total number is about 35. Only one is known from the first state. It is kept at the Musée Picasso in Paris.
A copy from the second state on a 65 x 50 cm laid Arches paper was sold by Christie's for £ 620K on November 30, 2004, lot 251, and for £ 6M on March 1, 2022, lot 69.
When Vollard took over the plate and inserted it into the series of Saltimbanques in 1913, he strengthened it by electroplating so that it can support a production run of 250. This operation eroded the definition, depth and clarity of the etched lines, reducing the graphic intensity.
2
1904-1905
2023 SOLD for $ 4.65M by Christie's
A copy of the second state on laid Arches 58 x 46 cm was sold for $ 4.65M from a lower estimate of $ 3M by Christie's on May 11, 2023, lot 55A.
1930-1937 La Suite Vollard by Picasso
2019 SOLD for $ 4.8M by Christie's
When Vollard agrees with Picasso for the edition of one hundred original etchings, he defines the final quantity to print : 50 deluxe copies with wide margins 51 x 39 cm and 260 copies with small margins 44 x 34 cm. It should be consistent with Vollard's practice that the purpose of the smaller format was to publish a livre d'artiste but it has not been made for that series.
97 images were engraved by Picasso between 1930 and 1934. While admiring the gentle Marie-Thérèse, Pablo finds back the fiery impulses of his youth. Far away from Cubism, minotaurs and fauns approach with brutality or delicacy the snoozing women with appealing curves. The theme of the sculptor's studio is also abundant. The supplement up to the requested figure of 100 is assured in 1937 with three portraits of Vollard by Picasso.
At some time before 1934 the meeting of Picasso with Roger Lacourière changes the quality of graphics and printing. The drawings are getting richer. Picasso loves to experiment and he follows the instructions from his new printer who teaches to him the varied possibilities of chisel, aquatint and drypoint.
On November 14, 2016, Sotheby's sold at lot 11 for $ 2.53M the full wide margin set owned by Lacourière. The printer had retained proofs with beautiful tones executed before and during his participation. It is the rare case of a set that was not owned by Petiet but the plates are not signed.
Vollard died in 1939 in the same death as Aeschylus, reportedly because a jolt unbalanced a statue that fell on his neck in the back seat of a car in which he was sleeping. The series of the hundred pictures had no title and will never have one. It will be known as La Suite Vollard.
Vollard had just started dealing with the Suite. In the 1940s the dealer Henri M. Petiet acquires the stock. Picasso then signed prints for cash as and when Petiet got orders for full sets, from his first sale in 1950 until the artist withdraw from that process in 1969. These Petiet sets were not serialized. Petiet also offered single prints for sale.
A complete set with wide margins, fully signed by Picasso for Petiet, was sold for $ 4.8M from a lower estimate of $ 3M on November 11, 2019 by Christie's, lot 55 A.
Petiet was a competent dealer but also a demanding collector. Curiously the Vollard Suite he had kept for his own collection is with small margins. It has been entirely signed by Picasso. It was sold for € 1.94M by Ader-Nordmann on November 25, 2017, lot 317.
97 images were engraved by Picasso between 1930 and 1934. While admiring the gentle Marie-Thérèse, Pablo finds back the fiery impulses of his youth. Far away from Cubism, minotaurs and fauns approach with brutality or delicacy the snoozing women with appealing curves. The theme of the sculptor's studio is also abundant. The supplement up to the requested figure of 100 is assured in 1937 with three portraits of Vollard by Picasso.
At some time before 1934 the meeting of Picasso with Roger Lacourière changes the quality of graphics and printing. The drawings are getting richer. Picasso loves to experiment and he follows the instructions from his new printer who teaches to him the varied possibilities of chisel, aquatint and drypoint.
On November 14, 2016, Sotheby's sold at lot 11 for $ 2.53M the full wide margin set owned by Lacourière. The printer had retained proofs with beautiful tones executed before and during his participation. It is the rare case of a set that was not owned by Petiet but the plates are not signed.
Vollard died in 1939 in the same death as Aeschylus, reportedly because a jolt unbalanced a statue that fell on his neck in the back seat of a car in which he was sleeping. The series of the hundred pictures had no title and will never have one. It will be known as La Suite Vollard.
Vollard had just started dealing with the Suite. In the 1940s the dealer Henri M. Petiet acquires the stock. Picasso then signed prints for cash as and when Petiet got orders for full sets, from his first sale in 1950 until the artist withdraw from that process in 1969. These Petiet sets were not serialized. Petiet also offered single prints for sale.
A complete set with wide margins, fully signed by Picasso for Petiet, was sold for $ 4.8M from a lower estimate of $ 3M on November 11, 2019 by Christie's, lot 55 A.
Petiet was a competent dealer but also a demanding collector. Curiously the Vollard Suite he had kept for his own collection is with small margins. It has been entirely signed by Picasso. It was sold for € 1.94M by Ader-Nordmann on November 25, 2017, lot 317.
1937 La Femme qui pleure by Picasso
1
2011 SOLD for $ 5.1M by Christie's
In May 1937 Picasso designed his large mural commissioned by the Spanish Republican government for the pavilion of the Universal Exhibition of Paris. He chose the unsustainable horror of the bombing of Guernica that had happened on April 26, 1937.
Picasso's sensitivity is exacerbated in 1937. The softness of Marie-Thérèse is no more sufficient to provide him the ideal vision of the woman. He refuses the divorce requested by Olga. His new muse met in the previous year, Dora, active, aggressive, politically engaged, has another behavior.
Pablo said later that Dora always symbolized for him the weeping woman, basically meaning the suffering woman. She thus became a model for the mater dolorosa, understood by the artist as an attitude ranging from a passive sentimentality to an activist rage against oppression.
Dora accompanies the gradual creation of Guernica and produces a photographic report of the preparation of the artwork. A crying woman could be a candidate to enter this terrible scene. He sketched and painted various figures of La Femme qui pleure.
He gave up featuring the weeping woman within Guernica, probably after appreciating that the image of victimized women based on Marie-Thérèse will better reinforce his political message on the horror of war.
He was nevertheless still haunted by that image. During a single day, July 1, he executed seven consecutive printed states of La Femme qui pleure, 69 x 49 cm on 77 x 57 cm sheet size. Satisfied by the third and by the last state, he printed and numbered fifteen copies each from both of them. He completed Guernica three days later.
The difference is significant between the third and seventh state. The lines become darker and stronger, especially in the hair. In the final state, the rage expressed by Dora matches in intensity the message of Guernica.
This work is designated as La Femme qui pleure I to differentiate it from a later image.
The number 3/15 of the seventh and final state was sold for $ 5.1M by Christie's on November 1, 2011 from a lower estimate of $ 1.5M, lot 2.
This print had been presented in 1938 by Picasso to Juan Larrea who had been instrumental in managing the British tour of Guernica.
Picasso's sensitivity is exacerbated in 1937. The softness of Marie-Thérèse is no more sufficient to provide him the ideal vision of the woman. He refuses the divorce requested by Olga. His new muse met in the previous year, Dora, active, aggressive, politically engaged, has another behavior.
Pablo said later that Dora always symbolized for him the weeping woman, basically meaning the suffering woman. She thus became a model for the mater dolorosa, understood by the artist as an attitude ranging from a passive sentimentality to an activist rage against oppression.
Dora accompanies the gradual creation of Guernica and produces a photographic report of the preparation of the artwork. A crying woman could be a candidate to enter this terrible scene. He sketched and painted various figures of La Femme qui pleure.
He gave up featuring the weeping woman within Guernica, probably after appreciating that the image of victimized women based on Marie-Thérèse will better reinforce his political message on the horror of war.
He was nevertheless still haunted by that image. During a single day, July 1, he executed seven consecutive printed states of La Femme qui pleure, 69 x 49 cm on 77 x 57 cm sheet size. Satisfied by the third and by the last state, he printed and numbered fifteen copies each from both of them. He completed Guernica three days later.
The difference is significant between the third and seventh state. The lines become darker and stronger, especially in the hair. In the final state, the rage expressed by Dora matches in intensity the message of Guernica.
This work is designated as La Femme qui pleure I to differentiate it from a later image.
The number 3/15 of the seventh and final state was sold for $ 5.1M by Christie's on November 1, 2011 from a lower estimate of $ 1.5M, lot 2.
This print had been presented in 1938 by Picasso to Juan Larrea who had been instrumental in managing the British tour of Guernica.
2
2014 SOLD for £ 3.2M by Sotheby's
The number 8/15 of the seventh state was sold for £ 3.2M from a lower estimate of £ 1.2M by Sotheby's on February 5, 2014, lot 19.
3
2015 SOLD for $ 4.6M by Christie's
1948 Océanie by Matisse
2022 SOLD for € 4M by Christie's
Henri Matisse is seriously ill but has not lost his manual skill. The Jazz project started for Tériade in 1943 and screenprinted in 1947, based on cut-off papers, maintains his creativity.
The beige walls of his apartment in Montparnasse remind him of the wonderful color of the sunlit beaches in Tahiti. He cuts in a white paper the stylized forms that his assistant Lydia pins on the wall. His aim is to create two tapestry cartoons forming pendants, Océanie - le ciel and Océanie - la mer, respectively populated with white birds and fish.
In 1946 while Matisse was busy on this project Zika Ascher came to visit Paris. A fashion designer based since 1942 in London, Ascher usually works with Henry Moore. He now wants to edit a series of scarves prepared by a plurality of artists. Almost all of them including Matisse respond favorably.
Ascher also convinces Matisse to print his Océanie. Matisse is very demanding but Ascher manages to find a sturdy linen fabric and a pigment that exactly replicates the texture and color of the wall. The figures are picked directly from the wall with a tracing paper. Matisse releases the printing to a Belfast company under the supervision of Ascher in 1948.
Both artworks were edited in thirty screenprints each in an image format around 163 x 373 cm. According to the request of the artist, there was no other color than beige and white. La Mer is made darker than Le Ciel.
The original wall cut-off figures are kept in the Musée Matisse at Le Cateau-Cambrésis, the hometown of the artist.
Jacqueline Matisse Monnier, granddaughter of the artist and daughter of the New York gallerist Pierre Matisse, owned a copy of both elements of Océanie.
Le Ciel is much rarer than La Mer at auction whatever the reason. The copy from her deceased estate is the 27/30, 164 x 356 cm on a 173 x 364 cm stretcher. It was sold for € 4M from a lower estimate of € 1.2M by Christie's on April 13, 2022, lot 26.
La Mer is the number 10/30, 165 x 380 cm on a 175 x 382 stretcher. It was sold for € 2.1M in the same sale as above, lot 29.
The beige walls of his apartment in Montparnasse remind him of the wonderful color of the sunlit beaches in Tahiti. He cuts in a white paper the stylized forms that his assistant Lydia pins on the wall. His aim is to create two tapestry cartoons forming pendants, Océanie - le ciel and Océanie - la mer, respectively populated with white birds and fish.
In 1946 while Matisse was busy on this project Zika Ascher came to visit Paris. A fashion designer based since 1942 in London, Ascher usually works with Henry Moore. He now wants to edit a series of scarves prepared by a plurality of artists. Almost all of them including Matisse respond favorably.
Ascher also convinces Matisse to print his Océanie. Matisse is very demanding but Ascher manages to find a sturdy linen fabric and a pigment that exactly replicates the texture and color of the wall. The figures are picked directly from the wall with a tracing paper. Matisse releases the printing to a Belfast company under the supervision of Ascher in 1948.
Both artworks were edited in thirty screenprints each in an image format around 163 x 373 cm. According to the request of the artist, there was no other color than beige and white. La Mer is made darker than Le Ciel.
The original wall cut-off figures are kept in the Musée Matisse at Le Cateau-Cambrésis, the hometown of the artist.
Jacqueline Matisse Monnier, granddaughter of the artist and daughter of the New York gallerist Pierre Matisse, owned a copy of both elements of Océanie.
Le Ciel is much rarer than La Mer at auction whatever the reason. The copy from her deceased estate is the 27/30, 164 x 356 cm on a 173 x 364 cm stretcher. It was sold for € 4M from a lower estimate of € 1.2M by Christie's on April 13, 2022, lot 26.
La Mer is the number 10/30, 165 x 380 cm on a 175 x 382 stretcher. It was sold for € 2.1M in the same sale as above, lot 29.
Jacqueline Matisse Monnier, granddaughter of the artist and daughter of the New York gallerist Pierre Matisse, owned a copy of both elements of Océanie.
Le Ciel is much rarer than La Mer at auction whatever the reason. The copy from her deceased estate is the 27/30, 164 x 356 cm on a 173 x 364 cm stretcher. It was sold for € 4M from a lower estimate of € 1.2M by Christie's on April 13, 2022, lot 26.
La Mer is the number 10/30, 165 x 380 cm on a 175 x 382 stretcher. It was sold for € 2.1M in the same sale as above, lot 29.
The Fondation Beyeler owns the pair 4/30. The number 26/30 of La Mer was sold by Christie's for £ 2.95M on June 21, 2011, lot 16. It was then coming directly from the Beyeler estate after having belonged to the Matisse family.
Le Ciel is much rarer than La Mer at auction whatever the reason. The copy from her deceased estate is the 27/30, 164 x 356 cm on a 173 x 364 cm stretcher. It was sold for € 4M from a lower estimate of € 1.2M by Christie's on April 13, 2022, lot 26.
La Mer is the number 10/30, 165 x 380 cm on a 175 x 382 stretcher. It was sold for € 2.1M in the same sale as above, lot 29.
The Fondation Beyeler owns the pair 4/30. The number 26/30 of La Mer was sold by Christie's for £ 2.95M on June 21, 2011, lot 16. It was then coming directly from the Beyeler estate after having belonged to the Matisse family.
1967 Marilyn by Warhol
2022 SOLD for $ 4.4M by Sotheby's
The method used by Andy Warhol of mixing painting and silkscreen on canvas was effective for the multiplication of images. However there is much more simple and the solution has been known for centuries : printing on paper. He coined the name Factory Additions as the publisher of his prints.
The first released set is Marilyn, in 1967, in a single format 91 x 91 cm. The set of ten is made of the single image reappropriated from a 1953 film advertisement that Andy had famously used in 1962 as the symbol of the demise of the American dream.
Each one of the ten images displays other combinations of intense flat colors, departing various moods from the original glamorous image. Andy also enhanced the emotional effects by changing the alignment of some screens.
The Marilyn set was edited in 250 copies numbered 1 to 250 and 26 artist's proofs numbered A to Z.
The complete set 27/250 was sold for $ 4.4M from a lower estimate of $ 2.5M by Sotheby's on November 17, 2022, lot 623.
The first released set is Marilyn, in 1967, in a single format 91 x 91 cm. The set of ten is made of the single image reappropriated from a 1953 film advertisement that Andy had famously used in 1962 as the symbol of the demise of the American dream.
Each one of the ten images displays other combinations of intense flat colors, departing various moods from the original glamorous image. Andy also enhanced the emotional effects by changing the alignment of some screens.
The Marilyn set was edited in 250 copies numbered 1 to 250 and 26 artist's proofs numbered A to Z.
The complete set 27/250 was sold for $ 4.4M from a lower estimate of $ 2.5M by Sotheby's on November 17, 2022, lot 623.
