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Monet before 1878

See also : Paris
Chronology : 1870-1879

1870 La Plage à Trouville by Monet
2000 SOLD for equivalent $ 16.5M by Sotheby's

Sold for equivalent $ 16.5M in June 2000 by Sotheby's in London
Passed at Sotheby's on November 7, 2006. Reference : Artnet.
Sold for £ 7.7M by Sotheby's on June 25, 2008. Reference : Artnet.

1871 Pleasure and Boating
2015 SOLD for £ 10.2M including premium

The famous Déjeuner sur l'Herbe painted by Manet in 1862-1863 did not leave indifferent his younger friends. This bold painting opened the way to the theme of popular pleasures and dance gardens.

In 1869 Monet and Renoir assiduously attend La Grenouillère, a place for fun and boating founded in 1850 on an island of the Seine at  Croissy, far from the austere bourgeois way of life. Also far from academic doctrines, the two young artists are experimenting with compositions and colors, with a sharp line that does not yet announce the Impressionism.

On February 3 in London, Sotheby's sells an oil on canvas 54 x 74 cm titled L'Embarcadère (the pier) and signed by Monet, lot 29 estimated £ 7.5 million, showing the quiet activities of groups at the edge of a river.

This picture is typical of the style of the young artists in La Grenouillère, but some details enable to locate it at Zaandam in 1871 when Claude is now the gentle husband of Camille. The young woman with a pink parasol, also figured in another view of Zaandam, is certainly Camille and some architectural details appear to be Dutch.

I invite you to play the video shared by Sotheby's :

1873 Railway Bridge at Argenteuil by Monet
2008 SOLD for $ 41.5M including premium by Christie's
narrated in 2020

Claude Monet moved with his family to Argenteuil in December 1871. The Seine is broad at that place, and the small town is renowned for its leisure activities. The two bridges, one for the road and the other for the rail, had been destroyed during the Franco-Prussian War and will soon be rebuilt.

Monet is one of the very first artists to take an interest in the railway as a symbol of modern life. The train comfortably carries the boaters, and its smoke enlivens the landscape. Until his series of views of the Gare Saint-Lazare in 1877, the artist expresses his enthusiasm for this new industry.

Le Pont du chemin de fer à Argenteuil is an oil on canvas 60 x 98 cm painted in 1873. The bridge mounted on four pairs of pillars goes through the image over its entire length. Two trains are crossing one another, one of them being mostly noticeable by the smoke of its locomotive in the blue summer sky. Two small sailboats pass under the bridge, and two men on the quay look peacefully at the river.

The bridge is the main theme of the picture thanks to the absence of details on the two banks. It is the only view in which Monet uses this specific bridge as a symbol of modernism. In the following year his paintings on the same site are to study the variation of light.

Le Pont du chemin de fer à Argenteuil was sold for $ 41.5M including premium by Christie's on May 6, 2008, lot 21. The image is shared by Wikimedia.

Renoir put his easel at the same place, probably side by side with his friend. Compared to the clarity of Monet's drawing, this sketch by Renoir is too tormented and not spacious enough. One year before the first impressionist exhibition, Monet appears here as a master of the expression of modern life in a classic style.

Claude Monet - Le pont de chemin der fer à Argenteuil
Decade 1870-1879

1874 Le Bassin d'Argenteuil
2021 SOLD for $ 28M by Christie's

Upstream from his home town of Sainte-Adresse to Paris, the Seine is the thread in Monet's art. Back from his exile in London, he moves to Argenteuil in December 1871. The small rural village formerly renowned for its vine and asparagus is close enough from Paris to appeal the middle class in search of nice leisure and spare time. Its first yacht club was created in 1858, taking advantage of the quietness of the flow at that place.

Monet takes many views in Argenteuil from his new process of outdoor painting to which he adds the use of a bespoke studio boat. He keeps in touch on the site with the other avant-garde painters including Manet, Renoir and soon Caillebotte.

On November 11, 2021, Christie's sold for $ 28M from a lower estimate of $ 15M Le Bassin d'Argenteuil, oil on canvas 54 x 73 cm painted in late spring or summer 1874 in the wake of the first Impressionist exhibition, lot 15C. Please watch the video shared by the auction house.

In a pleasant weather, there is busy boating on the river. White sails provide a striking contrast. A bearded man and his wife are standing on the jetty. The interplay of glowing colors in thick brush strokes is superseding lines and sharpness for sharing a sensation of quiet leisure.

#AuctionUpdate: 'Le bassin d'Argenteuil' by Claude Monet (1840-1926) achieved $27,840,000 at auction. Painted in 1874, the year of the landmark First Impressionist Exhibition, 'Le bassin d'Argenteuil' is a quintessential landscape of modernity in form and in subject.⠀ pic.twitter.com/TG8kKHSxmA

— Christie's (@ChristiesInc) November 12, 2021

​1874 The Rustle of the Seine
​2016 SOLD for $ 11.4M including premium

Young artists refuse the academicism of the official Salons. They create a cooperative and organize their first exhibition in the spring of 1874. No less than 29 artists participate, demonstrating the scale and momentum of this new movement. Impression Soleil levant painted two years earlier by Monet becomes the flagship of the new painting : they can show the mist without drawing the outlines.

Claude Monet is confident and enthusiastic. During the summer he paints tirelessly the Seine river at Argenteuil where he lives. The grass of the meadow and the reflection in the water are the sources of his new inspiration, the real birth of Impressionnisme.

Monet appreciates that his best ally is the spontaneity. The emotion is generated by the speed that liberates the instinct. He improves his technique by varying the brushstrokes by topic on the same canvas : horizontal mark for water and comma shaped wrist movement in the tree. The skilled hand of the artist generates a vibration that reflects the tremor and rustling of water and wind. Monet may now match Constable.

Le Petit-Gennevilliers is right in front of Argenteuil, on the other side of the river. Monet works outdoors: he set up his easel on a barge under the railway bridge. Boats for rent await the walkers at this point, increasing the charm of the scene. A painting by Manet shows Monet busy at work at that very place.

On May 12 in New York, Christie's sells a view of Le Petit-Gennevilliers painted by Monet in 1874, oil on canvas 55 x 73 cm, lot 16C estimated $ 12M. The weather is gray and the sun is screened, providing an atmosphere altogether soft and quivering which is a beautiful effect of the early impressionist experiences.

Since 1901 this painting did not leave the collection of the philanthropist HO Havemeyer and his wife Louisine who were in their time the best connoisseurs of impressionism in the United States.

Art du XXe siècle : des œuvres exceptionnelles chez Christie's à New York https://t.co/84x2PEVljX @PierrickMoritz pic.twitter.com/isCmumUtdp

— Christie's Paris (@christiesparis) April 27, 2016

Winter 1874-1875 Effet de Neige
2022 SOLD for $ 25.6M by Christie's

In the unusually cold winter of 1874-1875, Claude Monet was keen to catch outdoors the various effect of the snow in Argenteuil. He humorously reminded his beard overgrown with icicles. 

​La Mare (effet de neige), oil on canvas 60 x 82 cm, is dated 1875 by the artist. It was sold for $ 25.6M from a lower estimate of $ 18M by Christie's on May 12, 2022, lot 18C. The image is shared by Wikimedia.

The fully frozen pond is viewed through a foreground of bare limbed trees. A few small characters enter its surface as in the old Dutch winter sceneries. The roofs of the modest houses around are covered with melting snow. The impressionist atmosphere is made of loose brushwork in thick layers.

In 1879 Monet was discouraged by a poor commercial feedback and by Camille's critically ailing condition. Caillebotte could not imagine an Exposition des Impressionistes without Monet and Durand-Ruel lent La Mare then in his ownership. Monet did not attend despite a full room had been dedicated to his and Pissarro's works.
Monet - Wildenstein 1996, 350

1875 Au Jardin
2021 SOLD for $ 24.4M by Christie's

From his youth at Sainte-Adresse, Claude Monet felt happy in the gardens. He once said : "Je dois peut-être aux fleurs d'être devenu un peintre". When the young avant-garde artists went to promote the outdoor painting, flowers and foliage were the most suitable themes for the new Impressionniste aesthetic.

​From 1871 Monet enjoyed living in Argenteuil with his wife Camille and their son Jean, born in 1867. From 1874 he rented a house with a private garden.

Au Jardin, la Famille de l'artiste, oil of canvas 60 x 80 cm, is an emanation from that happy time. It was painted during a sunny summer day in 1875. The foreground is a vibrant flowerbed of blooming roses, geraniums and gladioli in front of the shades of a screen of trees.

The garden is occupied with Camille, Jean and another person who is possibly a maid. Their discreet scale embedded within the lush nature provides an idyllic intimacy to the whole scenery.

Au Jardin was sold for $ 24.4M from a lower estimate of $ 12M by Christie's on November 11, 2021, lot 41C. The image is shared by Wikimedia.

Painted in 1874 by Manet, La Famille Monet dans son jardin à Argenteuil is a close up view of a similar scene from behind the flowers, with some poultry added.
Monet - the-artist-s-family-in-the-garden

1875 River Bank in Argenteuil
2014 SOLD 8.5 M£ including premium

Claude Monet lived six years in Argenteuil from December 1871. The small town on the Seine was near Paris, easily accessible by rail, and offered to young men the pleasure of sailing. His friends made frequent visits to him. They compared their creative experiences. Argenteuil then became a cradle of modern art.

The transition was not immediate. In the early years, Monet had retained the processing of light in landscapes by Courbet. His line was sharp and his drawing met the perspectives.

The first basic development by Monet was to privilege the pleasant atmosphere of the place instead of tourism effects for which photography was quite enough. With his friends, he tirelessly changed the view while expressing all shades of color and light.

In 1874, the first exhibition of their society of artists disturbs the critics and is not a success, but Monet goes bolder. This so effective action of his brush that removes the lines appears at that time. This is the very beginning of Impressionism, a wording that these young artists will not accept until 1877.

One of the coolest features in Monet painting is the fact that the removal of contours does not relieve him for showing the strict proportions. Without being completely straight, the banks of the Seine river and the borders of the road are leading the way up to the horizon with a vanishing point which structures the whole image.

This impressionist style in its classical period recreates the atmosphere of the place, with its sun, greenery and freshness. Monet is now the best successor to Constable.

An oil on canvas 60 x 80 cm painted in 1875 was sold for $ 7.6 million at Christie's on May 14, 1997. It is estimated £ 7M for sale by Sotheby's in London on June 23.

POST SALE COMMENT

This beautiful example of early Impressionism by Monet was sold for £ 8.5 million including premium.

Please watch the video where Sotheby's introduces the Ralph C. Wilson Jr. collection including this view of Argenteuil and a very bright view of Antibes by the same artist.

1876 Dans la Prairie
1988 SOLD for £ 14.3M by Sotheby's
2009 SOLD 11.2 M£ including premium

PRE 2009 SALE DISCUSSION

Claude Monet arrived at Argenteuil in 1871. A quarter of an hour from Paris by train, this town of 8,000 people was at the border between the modernity of the city and the peaceful life of the country.

First, he is is listening to progress: the train on Argenteuil bridge, that Christie's sold $ 41 million charge included on 6 May 2008, was made in 1873.

He then experimented with intimate outdoor scenes, symbolized by the oil on canvas entitled Dans la Prairie (In the meadows), 60 x 82 cm, that Christie's will sell on February 4 in London, lot 19. Painted in 1876, it represents the artist's wife, Camille. She reads, surrounded by finely nuanced flowers, an umbrella behind her.

Despite the protests generated by the first two exhibitions of the Monet group in 1874 and 1876, his art had already champions, including Théodore Duret who bought our painting. In 1877, the tide is turning. The third exhibition, for which Duret lent his painting, is a success, and the group accepts the designation of Impressionists that had been given to them by some traditionalist art critics.

Talking price. Dans la Prairie has been sold twice by Sotheby's. In 1988, when the bubble began to swell, the artwork fetched 14.3 M£ (information provided in Christie's catalog). In 1999, under less favorable conditions, the hammer fell at 14 M$.

In 2009, the historic importance of this work suggests that it is resistant to the difficulties of the art market. Christie's hopes it in the region of £ 15 million. The image is shared by Wikimedia.

POST SALE COMMENT

Times are hard, but this historic Monet was sold respectably: £ 11.2 million including premium

Dans-la-prairie-by-Claude-001

1877 The Great Station of Modernism
​2018 SOLD for £ 25M including premium

In 1876 Claude Monet lost his enthusiasm for Argenteuil which was gradually becoming part of the suburbs. He spends the last months of that year in a more rural atmosphere in Montgeron for the decoration of the Hoschedé residence.

Argenteuil decidedly does not inspire him any more. Just back from Montgeron he left for Paris with an authorization from the railway administration to work inside the Gare Saint-Lazare.

From January to March 1877 he made a sort of report composed of twelve artworks, four inside the station and eight outside, in varied weather conditions. A passer-by narrated that he saw Claude Monet perched on a stack of crates with his brush in his hand, feverishly waiting for the ambient light to match his expectations.

The choice of this theme is unexpected for this artist but is certainly not a self attempt to be disgusted from the smokes of the city. A better hypothesis is that Monet considered himself as a leader of the new outdoor painting and did not want to be overcome by the urban pictures of Caillebotte and Manet.

Indeed when the third exhibition of the Impressionnistes opened in April 1877 his Saint-Lazare series was already completed and it featured prominently in his selection. The rejection of modernist themes by Monet comes one year later when Camille fails to recover from a child birth. Life and work in the countryside become indispensable for Monet and his family. His Gares Saint-Lazare will remain forever an unparalleled set.

On May 8, 2018 Christie's sold for $ 33M including premium the only sunny image of the group, 61 x 81 cm.

On June 20 in London, Christie's sells another outdoor view, oil on canvas of the same size, lot 25 B estimated £ 22M. The foreground is intentionally empty to draw a better attention to the background where the thick steam from the trains mingle in a cloudy sky. The two locomotives and the tall arches of the glass roofs of the station provide the illusion of a picturesque instantaneous.

The image is shared by Wikimedia.
Claude Monet - Saint-Lazare Station, the Western Region Goods Sheds
Paris

​1877 The Ultimate Train of Claude Monet
​2018 SOLD for $ 33M including premium

Young people of all times are tempted by modern life. Monet is soon disillusioned. He had desired to maintain in Argenteuil his corner of paradise, a residence in the countryside for which the railway is the link with the big city and its progress. Urbanization reaches Argenteuil and Camille is seriously ill. He feels the need to take a decision.

In January 1877 Monet spends a few days in Paris for a series on the Gare Saint-Lazare, one of the best symbols of modernism. He paints twelve canvases showing the interior with the platforms or the outside with trains coming or leaving. The result of this creativity is significant. The nauseating smoke of trains mingles with a heavily loaded sky and makes you want to run away.

Only one of the twelve paintings, 61 x 81 cm, escapes this pessimism thanks to a bright sunshine. The view is taken towards the double tunnel of the Batignolles. On the left the smoke is a fairly sharp cone. On the right the train has not yet come out and its smoke is diffused in all directions in the square, creating a veil in the atmosphere of clear weather.

In the best tradition of early Impressionnisme, this painting offers an ambience through which we can almost perceive heat and smell. Rockefeller did not make a mistake when he bought it. He liked this artwork very much while noting that the asking price had seemed high. It is for sale by Christie's in New York on May 8, lot 26.

This series marks a decisive turning point in Claude Monet's career. For the very last time he had tried to illustrate the progress. For nearly half a century he will stubbornly devote to landscapes, to monuments and to his garden.

The image is shared by Wikimedia.
Monet Extérieur de la gare Saint-Lazare, effet de soleil

1878 Fleurs dans un Pot
2021 SOLD for $ 10.4M by Sotheby's

Link to catalogue.

#AuctionUpdate: At least 3 collectors compete for Claude Monet’s stunning still life, 'Fleurs dans un pot (Roses et brouillard)' from 1878 soars to $10.4 million. This is an extremely rare genre for the artist, who ceased painting still lifes by the 1890s. pic.twitter.com/xV5SLwwOpE

— Sotheby's (@Sothebys) May 13, 2021
From Vétheuil to Giverny
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