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Bouquet of Flowers

Except otherwise stated, all results include the premium.
​See also : Flowers  Tabletop  Van Gogh  Gauguin  Matisse  Marie-Thérèse  Sanyu  Sanyu < 1950   Koons  Orientalism
​Chronology : 1889  1890-1899  1890  1895  1907  1911  1919  1931  1937  2000-2009  2004

Van GOGH

1
1889 Les Tournesols
1987 SOLD for £ 24.7M by Christie's​

In 1888 in Arles, Vincent furnishes the Maison Jaune to welcome Gauguin. The decoration of the guest bedroom will consist of four oils on canvas showing sunflowers throughout their life cycle from bud to wilt, in a wide variety of bright yellows. A few months earlier, Gauguin had appreciated an exchange by which Vincent had provided him with two paintings on a similar theme.

Made in August, the four paintings are different one another by the number and arrangement of the flowers in the vase and by the color of the background. Gauguin begins his stay in October. He is dazzled : for him, the sunflower is in a way the signature of van Gogh's know-how.

The altercation followed by the mutilation of the ear takes place in December. The two artists will not see each other again, especially in prudence regarding Vincent's mental health.

In January 1889, when he is back in the Maison Jaune, Vincent works again on his sunflowers. He paints three replicas, copying with new colors the drawings of two paintings from August 1888. He also conceives a decorative triptych in which the wings are the same original paintings from August 1888 and the center La Berceuse, a portrait of Madame Roulin pulling the strings of a cradle.

Such fierceness on this theme is certainly obsessive. Vincent regretted Gauguin's departure and wanted to regain his admiration. No intervention by Gauguin in the design and execution of this series has been demonstrated.

Listed in the estate of van Gogh, one of the three replicas is bought by Schuffenecker in 1894. Its format is enlarged to 100 x 76 cm at an undetermined date by adding stripes of canvas, possibly to match the dimensions of a frame but more probably to obtain a less tight composition. The assumption that this painting is a copy made by Schuffenecker is unlikely.


This replica was listed by Christie's in their sale in London on March 30, 1987, with a pre-sale estimate in excess of US $ 16M which was enough to exceed by 50% the highest price recorded for any work of art at auction. The Sunflowers were sold to a Japanese bidder for £ 24.7M worth US $ 40M at that time. The image is shared by Wikimedia.
Van Gogh Vase with Fifteen Sunflowers
1889

2
​​1890 Wild Flowers for Dr Gachet
2014 SOLD for $ 62M by Sotheby's

After he entered the asylum at Saint-Rémy de Provence in May 1889, the health of Vincent van Gogh did not improve. But they had to look for a solution. Auvers-sur-Oise is a pretty village frequented by artists. His visit is prepared by his brother Theo in consultation with Dr. Gachet. 

In May 1890 Vincent moved into a room at the local inn in Auvers. He did not have a studio and regularly attended the home of Gachet, a friend of the Impressionists and Cézanne. 

Since he is sick, Vincent is terrorized by the idea of failure and by the risk of a new crisis of dementia. With the energy of despair, he gives a new impetus to his old ambition to become the best painter of all time, the only one capable of a synthesis of all genres. Gachet has a painting by Cézanne showing a bouquet of flowers. Vincent wants to do better. 

Spring brings forth the flowers into the fields. On November 4, 2014, Sotheby's sold for $ 62M from a lower estimate of $ 30M an oil on canvas 66 x 50 cm painted by Vincent on 16 and 17 June 1890, lot 17. Executed in the clear intention to thank Gachet for his help, this artwork shows a vase filled with daisies and poppies. 

The composition is powerful and the colors are gorgeous, dominated in the center by the fiery red poppies. The groups of flowers shine like some characters within the ultimate tragedy of Vincent.

Please watch the video shared by Sotheby's.

​Grok response to ArtHitParade tweet :


  • The 1890 Vincent van Gogh painting of flowers sold for $62 million at Sotheby's, reflecting a surge in value for his late works, which were created during his final months in Auvers-sur-Oise, a period marked by intense creativity and mental health struggles, as documented in his letters to Theo.
  • This sale predates the 2025 art market trend of increased online investment, suggesting the auction's success relied on traditional methods, yet it aligns with historical data showing Van Gogh's works appreciating over 1,000% since the 1980s, per Sotheby's auction records.
  • Van Gogh's death in July 1890, shortly after completing this piece, adds historical weight, with studies like those in the 2011 Journal of Traumatic Stress linking his productivity to his untreated bipolar disorder, challenging the romanticized "tortured artist" narrative.

Flowers
Tabletop
Van Gogh
Decade 1890-1899
1890

(1886) 1893-1895 Vase of Flowers by Gauguin
2018 SOLD for $ 19.4M by Christie's

A Vase of Flowers by Gauguin, dated '86, was sold by Christie's on May 2, 2006 for $ 4.5M including premium despite a lower estimate of $ 7M. This oil on canvas 61 x 74 cm has however some interesting features for understanding Gauguin's creativity : the inverted perspective directly inspired by Cézanne's still lifes, the insertion of an image within the image without a consistency of scale, the juxtaposition of elements from several cultures.

The 2006 catalog clearly explained that this work could not have been painted before Gauguin's first departure for Tahiti, in 1891 : the bright red flowers looking like poinsettias which dominate this bouquet are Polynesian.

An inconsistency is a handicap for a work on the art market. This still life returned to the same auction room on May 8, 2018 in the dispersion of the Peggy and David Rockefeller collection. The catalog included a complex but coherent scenario. It was sold for $ 19.4M from a lower estimate of $ 5M, 
lot 14. The image is shared by Wikimedia.
​
Here is a probable sequence of the transformations of this artwork :

Gauguin started this painting in 1886. He sought to exploit the best in the avant-garde pictorial techniques and wanted to imitate the Still Life with the Fruit Dish by Cézanne, which he owned. In the following year, on his return from Martinique, he added a very small figure of a West Indian woman standing on a column along the right edge of the image.

In 1893 the return from Polynesia goes very badly. Gauguin is forgotten except by a few friends, and the state of his finances is catastrophic. At one point during this tragic stay in France, which lasted until 1895, he wanted to bring together on a painting his most recent conceptions of still life. Times are hard. Rather than using a new canvas, he paints over his original work.

Gauguin was a fervent admirer of Van Gogh's sunflowers. At Arles in 1888. he had painted a portrait of Van Gogh in front of his easel, busy painting these specific flowers.

The inclusion of the poinsettias is perhaps inspired by the very bright colors of Van Gogh's sunflowers. Originally the back wall was dark : traces of blue pigment have been found under the yellow layer. Several shades of yellow had been used by Van Gogh for the background of his Arles sunflowers. The tablecloth also was too dull for his new Polynesian sensibility : he redid it in orange and pink. The incongruous Martinican figure and the obsolete date remained intact.
Paul Gauguin Fleurs dans un vase
Gauguin

MATISSE

1
​​​1907 Peonies in Collioure
2012 SOLD for $ 19M by Christie's

In 1905, two young painters dazzled by the light of Collioure open a new path in art. They are named Henri Matisse and André Derain. Since then, color supersedes drawing as the dominant element in the composition of a painting.

These new colorists immediately seek to vary the subjects, and flowers are ideal for their research. The vases, tablecloths and wallpapers complement unprecedented color balances.

An oil on canvas 65 x 55 cm painted by Matisse in Collioure in 1907 was sold for $ 19M from a lower estimate of $ 8M by Christie's on May 1, 2012. This work showing a vase with peonies was admired by Félix Fénéon who was the effective promoter of Fauvism.
1907

2
1911 Les Coucous, tapis bleu et rose
2009 SOLD for € 36M by Christie's

Born in northern France, Henri Matisse very early visited the local weaving workshops. Throughout his life, he will be a creator of forms on the most varied supports, overlapping figuration and abstraction.

Fauvism is a short but decisive phase during which he experiences the power of pure colors. Seeking exotic solutions, he travels to Algeria in 1906 and spends two months in Spain in 1910 studying Moorish art. At that time, collectors ahead of their time like Shchukin no longer support the traditional separation between art and decoration.

In 1910 in Madrid, Matisse bought in an antique shop a two-tone rug in fairly poor condition, whose arabesques were naturalistic without being identifiable. He was seduced by the expressive force of this anonymous textile, close by chance to the new style that he had developed for La Danse in 1909.

By varying the colors, he uses his rug as a decorative element in several paintings. In L'Atelier rose, oil on canvas 180 x 221 cm painted for Shchukin in 1911, it is spread over the large screen.

Les coucous - tapis bleu et rose, oil on canvas 81 x 66 cm painted in spring 1911, appears as a preparatory work for L'Atelier rose. On the table, the vase of primroses (coucous) is the pretext for this image, but the rug used as a tablecloth is indeed the main theme by its invitation to abstraction. The turquoise wall at the back is enhanced with pink reflections.


Yves Saint-Laurent saw in the image of this fabric a precursor to his own work. This painting which offers a link between two great designers went to be the most expensive lot of the sale of his collection by Christie's on February 23, 2009 : it was sold for € 36M over a lower estimate of € 12M, lot 55. The image is shared by Wikimedia.
Compare Les coucous, tapis bleu et rose (1911), sold by Christie's on February 23, 2009, lot 55, to The Red Studio.

Henri Matisse's Les coucous, tapis bleu et rose (1911, oil on canvas, 81 x 65.5 cm; also translated as Cowslips, Blue and Pink Carpet) and The Red Studio (1911, oil on canvas, 181 x 219 cm, MoMA, New York) are contemporaneous masterpieces from the same pivotal year, both exploring color, pattern, and flattened space in Matisse's post-Fauvist evolution. Les coucous—from the collection of Yves Saint Laurent and Pierre Bergé, sold at Christie's Paris on February 23, 2009 (lot 55) for a record €36 million—was a still life inspired by textiles and flowers, while The Red Studio (originally The Pink Studio or L'Atelier Rose) depicts the artist's workspace in Issy-les-Moulineaux.
Les coucous, tapis bleu et rose features a vibrant still life with yellow cowslip flowers in a vase on a patterned blue-and-pink textile, against a turquoise wall with subtle pink undertones and decorative elements like stripes and a small framed landscape.
The Red Studio immerses the viewer in a sea of Venetian red, with outlined furniture, sculptures, and Matisse's own artworks floating in the space.
​
Similarities
  • Year and Context: Both painted in spring/fall 1911, during Matisse's intense experimentation with pure color and textiles (influenced by his "library" of fabrics). They reflect his shift toward decorative harmony and emotional expression over realism.
  • Flattened Perspective and Pattern: Space is compressed; boundaries blur via bold, hard-edged color planes and arabesques. Patterns (floral/textile motifs) unify the surface, creating rhythm and balance.
  • Color Liberation: Color is autonomous—expressive rather than descriptive. Matisse reportedly reversed pink and turquoise schemes in Les coucous for vibrancy, echoing his bold overpainting in studio works.
  • Connection to Larger Works: Les coucous is explicitly described as a "companion" or "blueprint" to The Pink Studio (the initial version of The Red Studio), clarifying chaotic creative processes through lucid, balanced composition. Both tie into commissions for Sergei Shchukin and Matisse's interest in symphonic decorative panels.
Key Differences
  • Subject and Composition:
    • Les coucous: Intimate still life—yellow cowslips (coucous) in a vase atop a richly patterned blue-pink carpet/textile, set against a turquoise-pink wall. It's serene, decorative, and object-focused, evoking luxury and equilibrium.
    • The Red Studio: Meta-interior of the artist's studio, filled with his own paintings, sculptures, furniture, and objects (e.g., open crayon box). No central still life; it's self-referential, depicting the act of creation.
  • Color Dominance and Radicality:
    • Les coucous: Harmonious interplay of turquoise, pink, blue, and yellow accents—balanced and lucid, with contrasting patterns for dynamic yet soothing effect.
    • The Red Studio: Radical monochrome—nearly everything flooded in intense Venetian red, dissolving depth into a flat, immersive "void." Outlines (in yellow/green) define forms against the red, asserting pure abstraction and color's emotional power.
  • Scale and Ambition:
    • Les coucous: Smaller, more contained; a refined experiment in textile-inspired still life.
    • The Red Studio: Monumental; a breakthrough in modernism, anticipating abstraction (influencing Abstract Expressionists like Mark Rothko). Matisse himself noted its "abstraction" despite representational elements.
In essence, Les coucous represents Matisse's pursuit of decorative clarity and joy through patterned harmony, while The Red Studio pushes further into bold, immersive innovation—transforming a pink studio concept into a red revolution that redefined space and color in modern art. Together, they illustrate his 1911 stride toward greater expressive freedom.
Les coucous, tapis bleu et rose Matisse 1911
Matisse
1911

3
​1919 Bastille Day
2010 SOLD for $ 28.6M by Sotheby's

In 1919, Europe is just emerging from war. It is a difficult time for Matisse, his private life and his art. Before 1914, he had entered a new path, emphasizing the harmony of colors that will be the passion of his artist's life. He feels however marginalized by his rejection of abstraction and cubism.

On July 14, French national (Bastille) day, he unleashes his hopes on a canvas 116 x 89 cm. A bouquet springs from a vase in an explosion of colors that immediately calls to fireworks and mingles with the more neutral wallpaper background. The image of this painting is shared by BBC News.

The subject and composition are typical of the still lifes of the master. The patriotic inspiration and the joy of colors make it an exceptional painting, was sold for $ 28.6M from a lower estimate of $ 18M by Sotheby's on May 5, 2010.
1919

4
​1937 Odalisque Harmonie Bleue
2007 SOLD for $ 33.6M by Christie's

Completed in 1932 for Barnes, la Danse is a key step in the career of Matisse who appreciates that the simplicity of the drawing brings power and emotion to the artwork.

Coming back to a Fauviste expression, he then seeks to associate the rarest and most spectacular colors which he uses to display the clothes of his sitters and the wallpapers. The effect is more important than the image, and the composition has the audacity of a Degas.

This trend results in 1937 in a restart of the Odalisques as a series of five paintings.

​L'Odalisque, Harmonie bleue, oil on canvas 60 x 50 cm, was sold for $ 33.6M from a lower estimate of $ 15M by Christie's on November 6, 2007, 
lot 24. The title of the artwork had been defined by the artist.

The young woman is surrounded with decorative elements, without the titillation generally associated with the odalisques.. She looks with a close attention at a big bouquet of anemones which may be the major theme of the composition. Its vase is posed beside two oranges and one lemon on the top of a low octagonal column.
Orientalism
1937

5
​1937 Figure et Bouquet
2025 SOLD for $ 32M by Christie's

Figure et Bouquet, subtitled Tête ocre, oil and Conté crayon on canvas painted by Matisse in Nice on February-March 1937, was sold for $ 32M from a lower estimate of $ 15M by Christie's on November 17, 2025, lot 3A.

Beside the bouquet in a vase, the composition features three line drawing portraits of a woman who certainly was his assistant Lydia Delectorskaya : the quietly smiling ochre figure in bust in the foreground, a large size drawing on white background on the wall and a half hidden portrait on a red background.

Asking Grok how it may be considered as a synthesis of Matisse's art.

Grok thought :
Henri Matisse's Figure et bouquet (Tête ocre), painted in Nice during February-March 1937, can be viewed as a synthesis of his artistic evolution across multiple periods and styles. This oil and Conté crayon on canvas work merges the vibrant, bold color palette and expressive forms characteristic of his early Fauvist phase (around 1905-1910), where he emphasized emotional intensity through simplified shapes and non-naturalistic hues, with the more structured compositions and introspective, contemplative mood that defined his later years, including his post-World War II classical period focused on harmony and restraint. The integration of a female figure with a still-life bouquet exemplifies Matisse's lifelong exploration of the interplay between human presence and natural elements, blending representational detail with abstract tendencies in a way that bridges his earlier expressive freedom (seen in works like The Joy of Life) and his subsequent lyricism (evident in later pieces like the cut-outs or chapel designs). Additionally, the incorporation of Conté crayon introduces a graphic, almost sculptural quality to the canvas, fusing drawing and painting techniques that reflect his ongoing experimentation with line, form, and medium—drawing from his draughtsmanship in the 1910s-1920s Nice period odalisques while anticipating the flattened, decorative simplicity of his 1940s-1950s output. Overall, this piece harmonizes abstraction and figuration, color and contour, creating a cohesive statement that encapsulates Matisse's pursuit of equilibrium between innovation and tradition throughout his career.

​1932 Nature Morte aux Tulipes by Picasso
2012 SOLD for $ 41.5M by Sotheby's

On March 2, Pablo paints an oil on canvas, 130 x 97 cm, entitled Nature morte aux tulipes (Still life with tulips). He remembers that he is a sculptor. The figure of this painting is an indistinguishable mixture of flesh and statue telling us that Picasso is a great Surrealist.

The expressively distorted face retains the features of the blonde and pops up from the head on a pedestal. The woman wears on her lap a vase of flowers along with three fruits that may be her breasts and buttocks. The contrast of light is one of the brightest in the art of Picasso.

Nature morte aux tulipes was sold for $ 28.6M by Christie's on May 9, 2000 and for $ 41.5M by Sotheby's on November 5, 2012.

Less than one week later, on March 8, Picasso undresses the woman and separates her from the statue. This "Nude, Green Leaves and Bust" was sold for $ 106M by Christie's in 2010.

Grok thought :

Quote

ricky @ dontdoze @dontdoze Jan 16, 2023
Still Life with Tulips (Nature morte aux tulipes) - Pablo Picasso - 1932
  • Pablo Picasso's "Still Life with Tulips" (1932) depicts a white plaster bust of his muse Marie-Thérèse Walter crowned with laurel, red tulips in a vase, and egg-like fruits on blue cloth, symbolizing spring renewal via the Persephone myth in his neoclassical-surrealist style.
  • Painted amid Picasso's 1932 obsession with Walter and personal turmoil, including his wife's discovery of the affair, this oil on canvas fetched $39.8 million at Sotheby's in 2012, underscoring its rarity and emotional depth.
  • Shared by artist @dontdoze from Tate Modern—though the work resides in a private collection—the post highlights everyday art discovery, blending Picasso's legacy with the poster's interests in fatherhood and Punjabi music.
Marie-Thérèse

2004 Tulips by Koons
2012 SOLD for $ 33.7M by Christie's

After exploiting the stupidity of the contemporary symbols conveyed by the popular imaging, Jeff Koons conceives in 1994 his great series of Celebrations.

Inspired by the preparation of a calendar, Jeff Koons designs in 1994 and 1995 monumental sculptures to be edited in five units of different colors, each version thus becoming unique. The sizes are monumental. The about 26 themes are simple and symbolic enough to be understood anywhere in the world regardless of the culture of the visitor.

Celebrations are made in chromium plated stainless steel covered with a transparent colored coating, a process specially developed to offer an intense reflectivity in a perfect smoothness of all the curves. This finish of pure color interacts with the exhibition environment through an intense mirror effect for which the artist seeks perfection.

The project requires technological developments and the delays accumulate, leading the workshop to the brink of bankruptcy. 

The monochrome subjects, arguably less difficult to realize, were the first to be completed, in 1999 and 2000. They are the diamond, hanging heart, balloon flower and balloon dog.

The other themes planned by Koons present additional difficulties that are gradually overcome. In 2004 Tulips is the first multi-color assembly, also in five different color versions. 

On November 14, 2012, Christie's sold at lot 38 for $ 33.7M an example of Tulips, which is an even more complex step in the development of the art of Koons. Please watch the video featured by Christie's, in which the artist himself introduces this artwork.

The subject, a bouquet of seven flowers placed on a surface, is simple and universally recognizable, like all other themes in the Celebrations. The artwork, completed in 2004, can not go unnoticed: 203 x 457 x 520 cm. It weighs 3 tons.

The tulips within the bouquet are of different colors, so that the interaction of their reflections covers the entire spectrum of light. The work was carried out in five units with different arrangements of colors, extrapolating the logics of the previous Celebrations, and the reflection of the surroundings and of the public remains an essential element of the exhibition of the artwork.
Koons
Decade 2000-2009
2004
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