Chinese Calligraphy
See also : China Chinese art Song and Yuan Early Ming Later Ming Japan and Korea
Buddhism Religious texts Landscape
Chronology : 1000-1150 1150-1300 14th Century 15th century 1430-1459 1500-1519 1740-1749 1770-1779
Buddhism Religious texts Landscape
Chronology : 1000-1150 1150-1300 14th Century 15th century 1430-1459 1500-1519 1740-1749 1770-1779
ca 1080 Nine Words for the Palace Administrator
2013 SOLD 8.2 M$ including premium
The Song era was intellectually brilliant and refined. Politically engaged, Su Shi was a universal spirit of that time, altogether writer, traveler, poet, engineer and gourmet.
On September 19 in New York, Sotheby's sells a hanging scroll autographed by Su Shi, 28 x 9.5 cm. In nine words written about 930 years ago, the author identifies himself and bids his farewell to Gong Fu, then administrator of the palace of Duanzhou.
Calligraphy means "beautiful writing". In these early days, the styles are already established since a long time. The beauty of the line is essential, more than the text, to honor the addressee. Su Shi practices with the required virtuosity a writing that combines running and standard styles.
Indeed, each of the nine words is a work of art, but their disposition, here in two columns, is also important because it brings a musicality to the whole message.
Like all outstanding documents from ancient China, the scroll is accompanied by seals and colophons. Its oldest collector's stamp dates from the Ming dynasty. Its earliest colophon, during the reign of Qianlong, is a detailed expert study comparing the biographies of the two men in order to establish the date of the work.
The document is in superb condition despite its age.
POST SALE COMMENT
This ancient example of beautiful writing made by an outstanding man in Chinese history was sold for $ 8.2 million including premium.
In the video below, Sotheby's summarizes with some examples the unique characteristics of the art of Chinese calligraphy for introducing this lot and demonstrating its importance.
On September 19 in New York, Sotheby's sells a hanging scroll autographed by Su Shi, 28 x 9.5 cm. In nine words written about 930 years ago, the author identifies himself and bids his farewell to Gong Fu, then administrator of the palace of Duanzhou.
Calligraphy means "beautiful writing". In these early days, the styles are already established since a long time. The beauty of the line is essential, more than the text, to honor the addressee. Su Shi practices with the required virtuosity a writing that combines running and standard styles.
Indeed, each of the nine words is a work of art, but their disposition, here in two columns, is also important because it brings a musicality to the whole message.
Like all outstanding documents from ancient China, the scroll is accompanied by seals and colophons. Its oldest collector's stamp dates from the Ming dynasty. Its earliest colophon, during the reign of Qianlong, is a detailed expert study comparing the biographies of the two men in order to establish the date of the work.
The document is in superb condition despite its age.
POST SALE COMMENT
This ancient example of beautiful writing made by an outstanding man in Chinese history was sold for $ 8.2 million including premium.
In the video below, Sotheby's summarizes with some examples the unique characteristics of the art of Chinese calligraphy for introducing this lot and demonstrating its importance.
Northern Song - The Tree of the Calligrapher
2018 SOLD for HK$ 460M including premium
Under the Song, the literati are philosophers and humanists who sometimes have the audacity to oppose imperial politics. Their supreme mode of expression is calligraphy, which conveys to their readers the firmness and rhythm of their thought.
In 1071 CE, Su Shi had been expelled from the capital, starting at the age of 34 a second career as a provincial servant with increasingly mediocre missions despite his immense talent. He died in 1101. His younger friend Mi Fu escaped political persecution by his reputation for eccentricity. They were the two best calligraphers in their lifetime.
A nine-character autograph message on a 28 x 9.5 cm sheet sent by Su Shi to the governor of a locality that he was leaving was sold for $ 8.2M including premium by Sotheby's on September 19, 2013.
Graphic art is exceptional in their works. The movement of the artist's hand is the same as for calligraphy. The rare drawings by Su Shi translate emotions too deep to be expressed in words. Mi Fu will only paint in the last years of his life, mostly after Su Shi's death.
On November 26 in Hong Kong, Christie's sells as lot 8008 a 26 x 50 cm ink on paper painted by Su Shi. This piece is extended by many colophons including an appreciation calligraphed by Mi Fu, and includes many seals. Please watch two videos shared by the auction house.
The image consists of two elements that join together : a leafless tree twisted into several undulations and a bulky rock. The dryness of the tree expresses the desolation of the artist in his exile while at the opposite edge on the left flank of the rock the sparse bamboos bring the hope of a new vitality.
In 1071 CE, Su Shi had been expelled from the capital, starting at the age of 34 a second career as a provincial servant with increasingly mediocre missions despite his immense talent. He died in 1101. His younger friend Mi Fu escaped political persecution by his reputation for eccentricity. They were the two best calligraphers in their lifetime.
A nine-character autograph message on a 28 x 9.5 cm sheet sent by Su Shi to the governor of a locality that he was leaving was sold for $ 8.2M including premium by Sotheby's on September 19, 2013.
Graphic art is exceptional in their works. The movement of the artist's hand is the same as for calligraphy. The rare drawings by Su Shi translate emotions too deep to be expressed in words. Mi Fu will only paint in the last years of his life, mostly after Su Shi's death.
On November 26 in Hong Kong, Christie's sells as lot 8008 a 26 x 50 cm ink on paper painted by Su Shi. This piece is extended by many colophons including an appreciation calligraphed by Mi Fu, and includes many seals. Please watch two videos shared by the auction house.
The image consists of two elements that join together : a leafless tree twisted into several undulations and a bulky rock. The dryness of the tree expresses the desolation of the artist in his exile while at the opposite edge on the left flank of the rock the sparse bamboos bring the hope of a new vitality.
Christie’s Announces 1000-year-old $50m Su Shi Scroll https://t.co/eVdovdYFyr pic.twitter.com/XpeTTOdBby
— Art Market Monitor (@artmarket) August 30, 2018
1095 Ancient Chinese Calligraphy
2010 SOLD 436 M RMB yuan including premium
The East Asian calligraphy can be interpreted as a means of linking poetry to graphic art. In fact, it is a form of art by itself, although not available and rarely commented on the Western market. Come directly to Beijing.
Exactly one year ago, Poly sold a fine collection of Qing calligraphy made in very large letters by the emperors themselves in order to spread moral slogans. Such imperial calligraphy is a very ancient tradition as some writings by the second Tang emperor are known.
A scroll of paper from Song period is for sale at Beijing by Poly International Auction on June 3. 37 cm high with a length exceeding 8 meters, it is completely covered with characters drawn in ink by Huang Tingjian, one of the most famous master calligraphers of his time. It is a fine example of his art consisting of semi-cursive letters in an energetic and accentuated style. Depending on location, this text includes from 4 to 15 characters within the height.
This artwork seems being very well maintained despite its age: Huang died 905 years ago. The online catalog does not provide information on the contents of the text. Unlike most lots of this important sale, the estimate is not published.
POST SALE COMMENT
It is a triumph for culture. It was registered in China on a Chinese piece, by a Chinese auction house: 390 million RMB hammer price, RMB 436 million including premium. The buyer has paid the equivalent of U.S. $ 63.8 million.
After this success, I found some additional information on the lot itself.
Completed around 1095 of our calendar, it contains 600 characters of which some examples are presented in the article shared by China Daily. Titled Di Zhu Ming, it is a copy of a Tang poem.
It was originally a little over 8 meters long, and was enlarged to 15 meters by comments. It includes a small portrait of the calligrapher artist.
Exactly one year ago, Poly sold a fine collection of Qing calligraphy made in very large letters by the emperors themselves in order to spread moral slogans. Such imperial calligraphy is a very ancient tradition as some writings by the second Tang emperor are known.
A scroll of paper from Song period is for sale at Beijing by Poly International Auction on June 3. 37 cm high with a length exceeding 8 meters, it is completely covered with characters drawn in ink by Huang Tingjian, one of the most famous master calligraphers of his time. It is a fine example of his art consisting of semi-cursive letters in an energetic and accentuated style. Depending on location, this text includes from 4 to 15 characters within the height.
This artwork seems being very well maintained despite its age: Huang died 905 years ago. The online catalog does not provide information on the contents of the text. Unlike most lots of this important sale, the estimate is not published.
POST SALE COMMENT
It is a triumph for culture. It was registered in China on a Chinese piece, by a Chinese auction house: 390 million RMB hammer price, RMB 436 million including premium. The buyer has paid the equivalent of U.S. $ 63.8 million.
After this success, I found some additional information on the lot itself.
Completed around 1095 of our calendar, it contains 600 characters of which some examples are presented in the article shared by China Daily. Titled Di Zhu Ming, it is a copy of a Tang poem.
It was originally a little over 8 meters long, and was enlarged to 15 meters by comments. It includes a small portrait of the calligrapher artist.
< Yuan - The Master of Chinese Calligraphy
2010 SOLD 308 M RMB yuan including premium
China Guardian prepares the sales of 20 to 23 November, to be held in Beijing. The auction house devotes a whole release to a Chinese treasure.
This is a poem by Wang Xizhi, on the theme of a security wish. This sheet has been separated into two pieces in ancient times, and the part presented for sale contains 4 lines on a surface of 24.7 x 13.9 cm.
Wang lived 1,650 years ago, under the Jin dynasty. He is considered as the leading innovator of calligraphy, because he departed from existing models to change calligraphy into an art.
The Chinese emperors ever attached a high importance to calligraphy. I do not know whether the specimen for sale is actually an autograph, but it is not later than the Song and its cursive script is much in the style of Wang.
The auction house checked its provenance up to the time of the Yuan, who preceded the Ming. Later, under the Qing dynasty, Qianlong inscribed this manuscript twice. He considered it as important, same as a script by the same author on the subject of the sunshine after heavy snow that was in the Imperial Collection.
POST SALE COMMENT
This piece of calligraphy has reached a very high price consistent with its prestige: 308 million yuan. The estimate, which was not published, appears to have been much lower since the bidding was started at 55 million yuan. This result just below the price of the Song calligraphy sold by Poly in June (390 million yuan excluding fees) is logical, however.
The prices published by this auction house in their list of results include premium. The result released by the press at 308 million yuan includes premium.
308 million yuan are worth U.S. $ 46.4 M.
This is a poem by Wang Xizhi, on the theme of a security wish. This sheet has been separated into two pieces in ancient times, and the part presented for sale contains 4 lines on a surface of 24.7 x 13.9 cm.
Wang lived 1,650 years ago, under the Jin dynasty. He is considered as the leading innovator of calligraphy, because he departed from existing models to change calligraphy into an art.
The Chinese emperors ever attached a high importance to calligraphy. I do not know whether the specimen for sale is actually an autograph, but it is not later than the Song and its cursive script is much in the style of Wang.
The auction house checked its provenance up to the time of the Yuan, who preceded the Ming. Later, under the Qing dynasty, Qianlong inscribed this manuscript twice. He considered it as important, same as a script by the same author on the subject of the sunshine after heavy snow that was in the Imperial Collection.
POST SALE COMMENT
This piece of calligraphy has reached a very high price consistent with its prestige: 308 million yuan. The estimate, which was not published, appears to have been much lower since the bidding was started at 55 million yuan. This result just below the price of the Song calligraphy sold by Poly in June (390 million yuan excluding fees) is logical, however.
The prices published by this auction house in their list of results include premium. The result released by the press at 308 million yuan includes premium.
308 million yuan are worth U.S. $ 46.4 M.
1345 The Lotus Sutra
2016 SOLD for HK$ 31.6M including premium
The Lotus Sutra is a fundamental text of Mahayana Buddhism, announcing the eternal nature of Buddha and defining the bodhisattvas. Translated into Chinese, it is the basis of the teaching of Buddhism in the Far East. All living beings can attain the quality of a bodhisattva. The white lotus is an immaculate flower that manages to thrive while having its root in the mud.
On May 30 in Hong Kong, Sotheby's sells as lot 368 a set of seven calligraphic albums 32 x 22 cm with fifty to sixty leaves each, constituting the whole of this sutra in the translation of Kumarajiva which was one of the earliest. Its writing in gold on dark blue paper displays an extreme luxury. The seventh album is dated to the fifth year of the Zhizheng period corresponding to 1345 in our calendar.
Under the Mongolian Yuan dynasty, Buddhism has almost the rank of an official religion in China. Zhizheng is the fourth era of the reign of Toghon Temür. Korea was a vassal state of the Yuan. Its king belonged to the Goryeo Dynasty.
The 28th Goryeo king had ceased to please the powerful Emperor of China, but all hopes were placed in his eldest son pushed to the throne in 1344 at the age of six. The Sutra manuscript was certainly prepared for the use of the young prince who died after a reign of four years.
On May 30 in Hong Kong, Sotheby's sells as lot 368 a set of seven calligraphic albums 32 x 22 cm with fifty to sixty leaves each, constituting the whole of this sutra in the translation of Kumarajiva which was one of the earliest. Its writing in gold on dark blue paper displays an extreme luxury. The seventh album is dated to the fifth year of the Zhizheng period corresponding to 1345 in our calendar.
Under the Mongolian Yuan dynasty, Buddhism has almost the rank of an official religion in China. Zhizheng is the fourth era of the reign of Toghon Temür. Korea was a vassal state of the Yuan. Its king belonged to the Goryeo Dynasty.
The 28th Goryeo king had ceased to please the powerful Emperor of China, but all hopes were placed in his eldest son pushed to the throne in 1344 at the age of six. The Sutra manuscript was certainly prepared for the use of the young prince who died after a reign of four years.
1430 Imperial Wisdom
2018 SOLD for HK$ 240M including premium
The calligraphy of the Sutras of Mahayana Buddhism is an act of piety welcomed for education and enlightenment. When the patron or the user is an emperor, the manuscript reaches a luxury unmatched in its class.
A gold ink on dark blue paper is sumptuous. A Lotus Sutra handwritten in 1345 CE for the education of a child emperor of Korea was sold for HK $ 31.6M including premium by Sotheby's on May 30, 2016. The lot consisted of seven big albums.
Buddhism is essential for the consolidation of the Ming dynasty. After the death of the warrior emperor Yongle, his Buddhist advisers organize a period of peace. The very short reign of the Hongxi emperor initiates the necessary reforms. His son the Xuande emperor can satisfy his artistic talents and grant to Buddhism a preference devoid from political intents.
During the fifth year of his reign, 1430 CE, Xuande commissioned an Elder of the State named Huijin to calligraphy four great Sutras. The paper is covered with dark indigo ink mixed with goat brain. This thick, brilliant and strong layer allows the gold to stay on the surface without diffusing into the paper fibers. This biological constituent is an emulsifier similar to egg white in the tempera paint.
All the four Sutras are realized. Two are kept at the National Palace Museum in Taipei. The third was probably early lost in a fire after being presented to a monastery founded with Xuande's sponsorship.
Two cases containing five consecutive albums each from the Sutra of transcendent wisdom or prajnaparamita have survived. In addition to the calligraphy, the work includes illustrations in thin gold lines of Buddhist, imperial and esoteric figures including Buddhas, dragons and demons. This set will be sold by Sotheby's in Hong Kong on April 3, lot 101. The rest of this very long Sutra is lost.
Please watch the video shared by Sotheby's.
A gold ink on dark blue paper is sumptuous. A Lotus Sutra handwritten in 1345 CE for the education of a child emperor of Korea was sold for HK $ 31.6M including premium by Sotheby's on May 30, 2016. The lot consisted of seven big albums.
Buddhism is essential for the consolidation of the Ming dynasty. After the death of the warrior emperor Yongle, his Buddhist advisers organize a period of peace. The very short reign of the Hongxi emperor initiates the necessary reforms. His son the Xuande emperor can satisfy his artistic talents and grant to Buddhism a preference devoid from political intents.
During the fifth year of his reign, 1430 CE, Xuande commissioned an Elder of the State named Huijin to calligraphy four great Sutras. The paper is covered with dark indigo ink mixed with goat brain. This thick, brilliant and strong layer allows the gold to stay on the surface without diffusing into the paper fibers. This biological constituent is an emulsifier similar to egg white in the tempera paint.
All the four Sutras are realized. Two are kept at the National Palace Museum in Taipei. The third was probably early lost in a fire after being presented to a monastery founded with Xuande's sponsorship.
Two cases containing five consecutive albums each from the Sutra of transcendent wisdom or prajnaparamita have survived. In addition to the calligraphy, the work includes illustrations in thin gold lines of Buddhist, imperial and esoteric figures including Buddhas, dragons and demons. This set will be sold by Sotheby's in Hong Kong on April 3, lot 101. The rest of this very long Sutra is lost.
Please watch the video shared by Sotheby's.
1486 The Mid-Autumn Moon
2016 SOLD for $ 2.17M including premium
The Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated in China for over 3,000 years. The Full Moon is closely associated as a symbol of vigor. It is harvest season.
Under the Ming, scholars often identified as Literati maintain a communication with nature. They occasionally draw, without being art professionals. Mid-Autumn is enjoyed as an opportunity to eat crabs and fish and to have wine to drunkenness with one's best friends.
On September 14 in New York, Sotheby's sells a hand scroll from Ming time that evokes such a happiness. It is signed by Shen Zhou, a literati who founded and animated the Wu school calling for a freedom of poetic expression similar as what was practiced under the Yuan. The scroll 29 cm high is in two parts : a drawing 92 cm long and an autograph calligraphy 10 m long. It is estimated $ 1.8M, lot 530.
The friend brought the paper and invited Shen to record that privileged moment in the bamboo hut of the garden. The drawing in a simple and speedy line is composed from a model by a Yuan master named Wu Zhen.
The poem in calligraphy explaining the circumstances of the artwork and the hedonistic interpretation of the event has been executed by Shen, certainly just after completion of the drawing. The sharp and wide characters essentially in two rows are in the style of a famous Song poet.
We learn that Shen and his friend were both 60 years old. If the poet told the truth about his age, this festival was held in 1486 in our calendar. The Mid-Autumn Moon behaves as a reference for the passing time which they neglected before having white hair. Shen hopes that the Moon brings forty additional autumns to them. This wish was not far from being fulfilled as the poet was to die an octogenarian.
Under the Ming, scholars often identified as Literati maintain a communication with nature. They occasionally draw, without being art professionals. Mid-Autumn is enjoyed as an opportunity to eat crabs and fish and to have wine to drunkenness with one's best friends.
On September 14 in New York, Sotheby's sells a hand scroll from Ming time that evokes such a happiness. It is signed by Shen Zhou, a literati who founded and animated the Wu school calling for a freedom of poetic expression similar as what was practiced under the Yuan. The scroll 29 cm high is in two parts : a drawing 92 cm long and an autograph calligraphy 10 m long. It is estimated $ 1.8M, lot 530.
The friend brought the paper and invited Shen to record that privileged moment in the bamboo hut of the garden. The drawing in a simple and speedy line is composed from a model by a Yuan master named Wu Zhen.
The poem in calligraphy explaining the circumstances of the artwork and the hedonistic interpretation of the event has been executed by Shen, certainly just after completion of the drawing. The sharp and wide characters essentially in two rows are in the style of a famous Song poet.
We learn that Shen and his friend were both 60 years old. If the poet told the truth about his age, this festival was held in 1486 in our calendar. The Mid-Autumn Moon behaves as a reference for the passing time which they neglected before having white hair. Shen hopes that the Moon brings forty additional autumns to them. This wish was not far from being fulfilled as the poet was to die an octogenarian.
The Roy and Marilyn Papp Collection of Chinese Paintings comes to #NY this September: https://t.co/PpcGvbjS48 pic.twitter.com/saryrkmCIw
— Sotheby's (@Sothebys) August 3, 2016
1508 The Sorrow of the Old Poet
2019 SOLD for $ 3M including premium
Shen Zhou was born to a family of wealthy landowners in the vicinity of Suzhou, 100 km northwest of Shanghai. Having received an excellent literati training, he manages to escape the official functions by an action that is characterized as a filial piety. He is known for his human qualities, transcribed in the line altogether firm, frank and serene of his drawing and of his writing.
Far away from the imperial court, he becomes a professional artist and poet. Along with his disciples, he forms the informal School of Wu, a former name of Suzhou. The reputation of this provincial group becomes national.
In 1502 CE, Shen Zhou loses his son. He expresses his sorrow in the following year with a collection of ten poems on the theme of falling flowers. The literary quality of this work provokes a dialogue between the old poet and his disciples through the composition by all parties of additional poems, some of which reusing the rhymes of the original poems.
An autograph handscroll, signed but undated, consisting of the complete set of the original ten poems plus three responses by the same author, is estimated $ 1.2M for sale by Sotheby's in New York on March 22, lot 1168.
This piece applies the style of Huang Tingjian, one of the greatest masters of calligraphy under the Song. It is very comparable in its writing to a scroll kept at the Taipei Museum which includes an autograph painting and a frontispiece as well as a response dated 1508 CE by his best disciple. Shen Zhou dies in the following year at 82 years old.
Please watch the video shared by the auction house.
Far away from the imperial court, he becomes a professional artist and poet. Along with his disciples, he forms the informal School of Wu, a former name of Suzhou. The reputation of this provincial group becomes national.
In 1502 CE, Shen Zhou loses his son. He expresses his sorrow in the following year with a collection of ten poems on the theme of falling flowers. The literary quality of this work provokes a dialogue between the old poet and his disciples through the composition by all parties of additional poems, some of which reusing the rhymes of the original poems.
An autograph handscroll, signed but undated, consisting of the complete set of the original ten poems plus three responses by the same author, is estimated $ 1.2M for sale by Sotheby's in New York on March 22, lot 1168.
This piece applies the style of Huang Tingjian, one of the greatest masters of calligraphy under the Song. It is very comparable in its writing to a scroll kept at the Taipei Museum which includes an autograph painting and a frontispiece as well as a response dated 1508 CE by his best disciple. Shen Zhou dies in the following year at 82 years old.
Please watch the video shared by the auction house.
#AuctionUpdate Shen Zhou's 'Poems on Falling Flowers in Running Script', a rare and extraordinary handscroll, soars to $3 million, well exceeding its $1.8 million high estimate #SothebysAsianArt pic.twitter.com/6opS9kywrt
— Sotheby's (@Sothebys) March 22, 2019
1516 Poems on planting bamboo by Li Dongyang
2019 SOLD for $ 4.6M including premium by Christie's
#AuctionUpdate Li Dongyan’s ‘Fourteen Poems on Planting Bamboo’ has achieved an incredible $4,575,000, more than five times its low estimate, in our #NewYork Fine Chinese Paintings sale #AsianArtWeek https://t.co/tYv8y3Wkk0 pic.twitter.com/ht1ztznzRT
— Christie's (@ChristiesInc) March 19, 2019
< 1745 The Poem of the Ten Stones
2012 SOLD 70 MHK$ including premium
In China, the best literary and artistic works transcend time. The emperors themselves have contributed over the centuries to transmit and highlight the most outstanding of them.
A scroll of Qianlong period, for sale by Sotheby's in Hong Kong on October 9, finds its cultural roots in the deepest ages.
The Shaanxi province is considered as one of the cradles of Chinese culture. About 2500 years ago, Qin scribes have engraved in granite short poems on the themes of fishing, hunting and war.
The discovery during the Tang dynasty, 1200 years ago, of a group of ten drum-shaped carved poem-sculptures created an intense cultural emotion, an evidence of the importance that the Chinese already granted to their past. Even more amazing: the Chinese science was already the subject of publications. The Confucian philosopher Han Yu is one of those who wrote texts in tribute to the ten stones, the Shigu ge.
Now jump nine centuries. Zhang Zhao is a poor minister but a recognized scholar and Qianlong, rather than having him executed after a failed mission, sends him back to his beloved studies. This is probably after this incident that he copied the Shigu ge of Han Yu.
Zhang died suddenly during the tenth year of the reign of Qianlong. The Emperor continued to admire above all the cursive calligraphy of Zhang.
During the gengxu year, the 55th of his reign, 1790 of our calendar, Qianlong ordered to preserve the text of the ten stones threatened by abrasion and renewed his interest in the Shigu ge of Zhang. He added a preface and inked the mark of 33 imperial seals attesting to all the reasons of his admiration for this scroll.
The Shigu ge is 55 cm high and 7.90 m long, extended by the frontispiece of the emperor, 46 x 103 cm. This scroll is estimated HK $ 50M. Here is the link to the catalog.
POST SALE COMMENT
This very precious and remarkably documented calligraphy was sold HK $ 70M including premium.
A scroll of Qianlong period, for sale by Sotheby's in Hong Kong on October 9, finds its cultural roots in the deepest ages.
The Shaanxi province is considered as one of the cradles of Chinese culture. About 2500 years ago, Qin scribes have engraved in granite short poems on the themes of fishing, hunting and war.
The discovery during the Tang dynasty, 1200 years ago, of a group of ten drum-shaped carved poem-sculptures created an intense cultural emotion, an evidence of the importance that the Chinese already granted to their past. Even more amazing: the Chinese science was already the subject of publications. The Confucian philosopher Han Yu is one of those who wrote texts in tribute to the ten stones, the Shigu ge.
Now jump nine centuries. Zhang Zhao is a poor minister but a recognized scholar and Qianlong, rather than having him executed after a failed mission, sends him back to his beloved studies. This is probably after this incident that he copied the Shigu ge of Han Yu.
Zhang died suddenly during the tenth year of the reign of Qianlong. The Emperor continued to admire above all the cursive calligraphy of Zhang.
During the gengxu year, the 55th of his reign, 1790 of our calendar, Qianlong ordered to preserve the text of the ten stones threatened by abrasion and renewed his interest in the Shigu ge of Zhang. He added a preface and inked the mark of 33 imperial seals attesting to all the reasons of his admiration for this scroll.
The Shigu ge is 55 cm high and 7.90 m long, extended by the frontispiece of the emperor, 46 x 103 cm. This scroll is estimated HK $ 50M. Here is the link to the catalog.
POST SALE COMMENT
This very precious and remarkably documented calligraphy was sold HK $ 70M including premium.
1746 The Perfect Enlightenment of the Son of Heaven
2019 SOLD for $ 2.66M including premium
The Manchu overthrew the Ming and created the Qing dynasty. The Qianlong emperor promoted the etymology of his ethnic group highlighting its protection by Manjusri, the most outstanding bodhisattva. He liked to be shown on the pictures as a reincarnation of Manjusri. The Buddhist piety of Qianlong explains his cultural endeavor for transcending the whole history of China since its historical origins.
Manchuria is the region that separates Beijing from the Gobi Desert, opening the road to Mongolia and Tibet. Like his predecessors, Qianlong is a protector of Lamaism. To attain the perfection of the Son of Heaven, the emperor must be imbued with the Tibetan Sutras. Qianlong sets an example by copying himself the sutras for important celebrations.
On March 20 in New York, Sotheby's sells an autograph calligraphy by Qianlong of the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment in its antique Chinese translation attributed to the monk Buddhatrata. An inscription at the end of the text indicates that the imperial writing was started on the 19th day of the first month of the bingyin year and completed on the 15th day of the following month. That year corresponds to 1746 CE.
The calligraphy was performed on 42 sheets of unequal length, each folded into several pages 22 x 10 cm with the utmost care. They were glued together by their edges to constitute two volumes of imperial quality.
The paper for calligraphy was prepared with a yellow dye to imitate the Song Sutras of the imperial collection. The text is preceded by a Buddha figure and four Buddhist emblems, each in full page, and followed by the four other emblems and a figure of the protective warrior Wei Tuo. Each volume is bound in a gold and color brocade cover and the whole is inserted into a luxurious case.
The set is estimated $ 300K, lot 548. Please watch the video shared by the auction house.
Manchuria is the region that separates Beijing from the Gobi Desert, opening the road to Mongolia and Tibet. Like his predecessors, Qianlong is a protector of Lamaism. To attain the perfection of the Son of Heaven, the emperor must be imbued with the Tibetan Sutras. Qianlong sets an example by copying himself the sutras for important celebrations.
On March 20 in New York, Sotheby's sells an autograph calligraphy by Qianlong of the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment in its antique Chinese translation attributed to the monk Buddhatrata. An inscription at the end of the text indicates that the imperial writing was started on the 19th day of the first month of the bingyin year and completed on the 15th day of the following month. That year corresponds to 1746 CE.
The calligraphy was performed on 42 sheets of unequal length, each folded into several pages 22 x 10 cm with the utmost care. They were glued together by their edges to constitute two volumes of imperial quality.
The paper for calligraphy was prepared with a yellow dye to imitate the Song Sutras of the imperial collection. The text is preceded by a Buddha figure and four Buddhist emblems, each in full page, and followed by the four other emblems and a figure of the protective warrior Wei Tuo. Each volume is bound in a gold and color brocade cover and the whole is inserted into a luxurious case.
The set is estimated $ 300K, lot 548. Please watch the video shared by the auction house.
#AuctionUpdate An exceedingly rare and important complete set of The Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment by the Qianlong Emperor soars to $2.7 million, over 5x its $500,000 high estimate #SothebysAsianArt pic.twitter.com/LBRXYKEP6R
— Sotheby's (@Sothebys) March 20, 2019
1773 Calligraphy Scrolls by the Qianlong Emperor
2014 SOLD for RMB yuan 116M including premium by Poly
Link to press release (not illustrated)
