Imperial Seal
Except otherwise stated, all results include the premium.
See also : Early Qing Qianlong Jadeite Dragon Cats
Chronology : 1700-1709 1720-1729 1730-1739 1760-1769 1780-1789 1790-1799 1800-1809 1830-1839
See also : Early Qing Qianlong Jadeite Dragon Cats
Chronology : 1700-1709 1720-1729 1730-1739 1760-1769 1780-1789 1790-1799 1800-1809 1830-1839
Kangxi Jingtian Qinmin in Sandalwood
2016 SOLD for HK$ 93M by Sotheby's
The Kangxi emperor had a very high opinion of his political responsibilities. He was the only intercessor between the heaven and the people. His Qing dynasty was of Manchu origin and he had to maintain his authority against the ethnic Chinese. He succeeded marvelously since his reign combined with those of his son and his grandson assured peace and prosperity in an unprecedented effectiveness during more than hundred years.
Seals were used to improve the documents with the deep thinking of the emperor himself, so constituting a method to express and spread the imperial mottos. A politically important mark was the Jingtian Qinmin blessing : revere heaven and serve thy people. The emperor is not a despot. If he forgets his duty, he must be overthrown. Kangxi reigned during 61 years, from 1661 to 1722 CE.
Kangxi's Jingtian Qinmin seal was made for the use of the Qianqinggong, the Palace of Ultimate Purity within the Forbidden City. This is a monoxyle piece of sandalwood (tanxiangmu) 10 cm square surmounted by the a beast for a total height of 11 cm, a big size for any seal.
The bulky beast is imaginary, between pig and dog. It is quietly recumbent on the whole seal top and the nice caramel brown color of the wood makes it a sort of friendly pet, confirming that this emperor was more sympathetic than his successors.
This unique piece was sold for HK $ 93M by Sotheby's on April 6, 2016, lot 3101, and passed in the same auction room on April 22, 2021, lot 3602.
It is not sure if the Jingtian Qinmin was ever used by Kangxi for stamping a document. Its high importance was assessed posthumously. A replica of the inscription was made in jade in the very first year of the reign of Yongzheng with an entirely different finial. When Qianlong established the Kangxi Baosou displaying all the marks used by his grandfather, it appeared in the first position.
Seals were used to improve the documents with the deep thinking of the emperor himself, so constituting a method to express and spread the imperial mottos. A politically important mark was the Jingtian Qinmin blessing : revere heaven and serve thy people. The emperor is not a despot. If he forgets his duty, he must be overthrown. Kangxi reigned during 61 years, from 1661 to 1722 CE.
Kangxi's Jingtian Qinmin seal was made for the use of the Qianqinggong, the Palace of Ultimate Purity within the Forbidden City. This is a monoxyle piece of sandalwood (tanxiangmu) 10 cm square surmounted by the a beast for a total height of 11 cm, a big size for any seal.
The bulky beast is imaginary, between pig and dog. It is quietly recumbent on the whole seal top and the nice caramel brown color of the wood makes it a sort of friendly pet, confirming that this emperor was more sympathetic than his successors.
This unique piece was sold for HK $ 93M by Sotheby's on April 6, 2016, lot 3101, and passed in the same auction room on April 22, 2021, lot 3602.
It is not sure if the Jingtian Qinmin was ever used by Kangxi for stamping a document. Its high importance was assessed posthumously. A replica of the inscription was made in jade in the very first year of the reign of Yongzheng with an entirely different finial. When Qianlong established the Kangxi Baosou displaying all the marks used by his grandfather, it appeared in the first position.
1725 Yongzheng Jade Seal
2015 SOLD for HK$ 105M by Sotheby's
The Yongzheng Emperor had an original and exquisite artistic taste. A eunuch serving as a majordomo transferred to the workshops the edicts by which the emperor expressed his desires. The records have been kept. Regarding the seals, an extreme accuracy in descriptions and sizes allows to attribute the pieces.
The 15th day of the 7th month of the third year of the reign, August 22, 1725 in our calendar, the eunuch commissions two white jade seals for the same inscription along with their boxes. Five days later a bronze prototype of the inscription is submitted to an inspection.
Both jade seals are completed in the next month, nine days apart one another. This great speed of execution is explained by the fact that the workshops had re-carved two ancient seals that the emperor himself had probably chosen in the imperial collection before issuing his order.
The smaller of the two seals, 5.5 x 5.6 cm, carved with a dragon in Yuan style, was sold for HK $ 35,4M by Sotheby's on October 5, 2011.
The other seal, reworked from a Kangxi figure, is larger and more ambitious. 7.4 cm high on a square base 6.1 x 6.1 cm, it has the form of a rock on which a hornless dragon or chilong is reclining with a wide open mouth in a threatening attitude. The rock is flanked by eight other chi moving amidst clouds.
This seal is offered with its luxurious original box inlaid in ivory. It was sold for HK $ 105M from a lower estimate of HK $ 30M by Sotheby's on April 7, 2015, lot 102.
Both seals discussed above are exceptional. Although Yongzheng has ordered more than two hundred seals during his short reign, only five have been made in jade.
The 15th day of the 7th month of the third year of the reign, August 22, 1725 in our calendar, the eunuch commissions two white jade seals for the same inscription along with their boxes. Five days later a bronze prototype of the inscription is submitted to an inspection.
Both jade seals are completed in the next month, nine days apart one another. This great speed of execution is explained by the fact that the workshops had re-carved two ancient seals that the emperor himself had probably chosen in the imperial collection before issuing his order.
The smaller of the two seals, 5.5 x 5.6 cm, carved with a dragon in Yuan style, was sold for HK $ 35,4M by Sotheby's on October 5, 2011.
The other seal, reworked from a Kangxi figure, is larger and more ambitious. 7.4 cm high on a square base 6.1 x 6.1 cm, it has the form of a rock on which a hornless dragon or chilong is reclining with a wide open mouth in a threatening attitude. The rock is flanked by eight other chi moving amidst clouds.
This seal is offered with its luxurious original box inlaid in ivory. It was sold for HK $ 105M from a lower estimate of HK $ 30M by Sotheby's on April 7, 2015, lot 102.
Both seals discussed above are exceptional. Although Yongzheng has ordered more than two hundred seals during his short reign, only five have been made in jade.
#HK #AuctionUpdate: 9 bidders, 14 mins: Imperial White Jade Yongzheng Yubi Zhi Bao Seal sells for HK$104.9m/US$13.5m pic.twitter.com/5p8ODk7WrO
— Sotheby's (@Sothebys) April 7, 20151735-1738 Qianlong Yulan Shi Bao in Soapstone
2022 SOLD for HK$ 153M by Sotheby's
Qianlong yulan shi bao means Treasure admired by his Majesty the Qianlong emperor. This mark was printed by the emperor with red cinnabar paste on selected masterpieces from the imperial collection of tens of thousands artworks. His grandfather and father had used similar stamps.
When he acceded to the throne in 1735 CE the Qianlong emperor was already a keen connoisseur of arts. He picked out for his own yulan shi bao a 7.8 cm square 10.7 cm high soapstone seal finial from the Kangxi-Yongzheng transition. This piece is carved in the round with a crouching mythical winged lion, fitted with flames on the body and dragon scales on the legs, mothering two small creatures. Its eyes are set with black gemstones.
The terminus ante quem of the face with the six character Qianlong mark is the 3rd year of the reign when the complete set of seals needed for the immediate use of the new emperor went to be complete. The soapstone in intaglio has been slightly worn by its extensive stamping use before the preparation in 1745 of the Shiqu Baoji inventory catalogue of the imperial collection.
Resurfacing in 1965 at auction by Sotheby's, the seal was again out of public view afterwards. It was sold for HK $ 153M by Sotheby's on April 29, 2022, lot 3801. Please watch the video shared by the auction house.
The paintings bearing the imperial appreciation from that specific seal include among others Travelers among mountains and streams by Fan Kuan, Early spring by Guo Xi and A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains by Wang Ximeng, plus many top level calligraphies.
The Qianlong emperor owned six other yulan shi bao connoisseur seals of various sizes.
When he acceded to the throne in 1735 CE the Qianlong emperor was already a keen connoisseur of arts. He picked out for his own yulan shi bao a 7.8 cm square 10.7 cm high soapstone seal finial from the Kangxi-Yongzheng transition. This piece is carved in the round with a crouching mythical winged lion, fitted with flames on the body and dragon scales on the legs, mothering two small creatures. Its eyes are set with black gemstones.
The terminus ante quem of the face with the six character Qianlong mark is the 3rd year of the reign when the complete set of seals needed for the immediate use of the new emperor went to be complete. The soapstone in intaglio has been slightly worn by its extensive stamping use before the preparation in 1745 of the Shiqu Baoji inventory catalogue of the imperial collection.
Resurfacing in 1965 at auction by Sotheby's, the seal was again out of public view afterwards. It was sold for HK $ 153M by Sotheby's on April 29, 2022, lot 3801. Please watch the video shared by the auction house.
The paintings bearing the imperial appreciation from that specific seal include among others Travelers among mountains and streams by Fan Kuan, Early spring by Guo Xi and A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains by Wang Ximeng, plus many top level calligraphies.
The Qianlong emperor owned six other yulan shi bao connoisseur seals of various sizes.
1766 Qianlong Ji'entang
2021 SOLD for HK$ 146M by Sotheby's
1722 CE was the 61st and final year of Kangxi's reign. He had devoted his entire life to his role as a political leader, continually concerned with the well-being of his people. This competent emperor did not want his work to disappear with him.
In the third month of that 61st year, he asked to meet one of his many grandsons, the ten-year-old Prince Hongli. The boy indeed had promising gifts, both intellectually and physically. The old emperor, aged 69, took a personal and intensive responsibility for the martial and literary education of the prince. When he died a few months later, a hitherto secret letter was opened, designating Hongli's father as his successor.
Hongli in turn ascended to the throne in 1735 with the reign name Qianlong. His short relationship with his grandfather marked him for life. Kangxi will remain his model, for his attitude and his commitments. An emperor must relentlessly do good by applying the highest virtues day after day. Qianlong's piety for his grandfather was so intense that he would abdicate in the 61st year of his own reign, in a decades-long premeditated tribute to Kangxi.
Qianlong may be the Son of Heaven, but he is also a human being. His father's accession to the empire came at the expense of another prince and his own legitimacy could be challenged. In 1742 he wrote an essay on his justification, for the use of the Imperial Palace.
In 1766 the question remains valid. Qianlong reworks his essay which is inscribed on a tablet for the use of Ji'entang, the Hall of Grace Remembrance. The emperor explains how and why his grandfather passed on his beneficent influence to him, and the daily efforts he never ceased to make to be worthy of this trust. He takes care to detail how an emperor of the Zhou dynasty organized his own succession by dismissing a virtuous but unambitious heir.
A white jade seal is made in the same year for use in the same room, with the three characters for impressing the word Ji'entang in archaic script. The sides are inscribed with the full version of the essay. The knob is a pair of entwined dragons. The sacking of the Summer Palace in 1860 left some veining in the perimeter but the mark and the dragons are not damaged.
This 10.4 cm square seal with a total height of 7.8 cm was sold for HK $ 146M by Sotheby's on April 22, 2021, lot 3603. It is the third seal with strong historical significance narrated by Nicolas Chow in the video shared by Sotheby's.
In the third month of that 61st year, he asked to meet one of his many grandsons, the ten-year-old Prince Hongli. The boy indeed had promising gifts, both intellectually and physically. The old emperor, aged 69, took a personal and intensive responsibility for the martial and literary education of the prince. When he died a few months later, a hitherto secret letter was opened, designating Hongli's father as his successor.
Hongli in turn ascended to the throne in 1735 with the reign name Qianlong. His short relationship with his grandfather marked him for life. Kangxi will remain his model, for his attitude and his commitments. An emperor must relentlessly do good by applying the highest virtues day after day. Qianlong's piety for his grandfather was so intense that he would abdicate in the 61st year of his own reign, in a decades-long premeditated tribute to Kangxi.
Qianlong may be the Son of Heaven, but he is also a human being. His father's accession to the empire came at the expense of another prince and his own legitimacy could be challenged. In 1742 he wrote an essay on his justification, for the use of the Imperial Palace.
In 1766 the question remains valid. Qianlong reworks his essay which is inscribed on a tablet for the use of Ji'entang, the Hall of Grace Remembrance. The emperor explains how and why his grandfather passed on his beneficent influence to him, and the daily efforts he never ceased to make to be worthy of this trust. He takes care to detail how an emperor of the Zhou dynasty organized his own succession by dismissing a virtuous but unambitious heir.
A white jade seal is made in the same year for use in the same room, with the three characters for impressing the word Ji'entang in archaic script. The sides are inscribed with the full version of the essay. The knob is a pair of entwined dragons. The sacking of the Summer Palace in 1860 left some veining in the perimeter but the mark and the dragons are not damaged.
This 10.4 cm square seal with a total height of 7.8 cm was sold for HK $ 146M by Sotheby's on April 22, 2021, lot 3603. It is the third seal with strong historical significance narrated by Nicolas Chow in the video shared by Sotheby's.
Qian Long Yu Bi Zhi Bao in Steatite
2016 SOLD for € 21M by Pierre Bergé et Associés
A great personal lover of all forms of literature and art, the Qianlong emperor affixed a seal to the work he had just consulted. For the pieces that did not deserve the creation of a specific poem, the choice of the seal recorded the degree of satisfaction of the emperor.
One of the most prestigious was the Qian Long Yu Lan Zhi Bao, meaning The Treasure Carefully Examined by the Qianlong Emperor. For example, the scroll of the Banquet of the Victory, sold for € 6.1M by Christie's on November 22, 2005, had been awarded this mark.
Even higher in that hierarchy, there was the Qian Long Yu Bi Zhi Bao, the Treasure from the Imperial Brush of Qianlong, reserved for paintings and calligraphy made by the emperor himself. This mark was equivalent to a signature.
On December 14, 2016, the Pierre Bergé et Associés auction house sold for € 21M a Qian Long Yu Bi Zhi Bao seal. Please watch the video shared by Hôtel Drouot.
This large seal 10.5 x 10.5 cm with an overall height of 9 cm was made of beige and red steatite from Shou Shan. Its decoration is a work of art loaded with symbols.
The upper part, 5 cm high, shows a knot of no less than nine closely entwined dragons pursuing the sacred pearl which is clearly visible and accessible right in the middle of the group. This figure symbolizes the imperial authority at its highest level. It surmounts a 4 cm carved base made up of a frieze of stylized dragons in the archaic style.
One of the most prestigious was the Qian Long Yu Lan Zhi Bao, meaning The Treasure Carefully Examined by the Qianlong Emperor. For example, the scroll of the Banquet of the Victory, sold for € 6.1M by Christie's on November 22, 2005, had been awarded this mark.
Even higher in that hierarchy, there was the Qian Long Yu Bi Zhi Bao, the Treasure from the Imperial Brush of Qianlong, reserved for paintings and calligraphy made by the emperor himself. This mark was equivalent to a signature.
On December 14, 2016, the Pierre Bergé et Associés auction house sold for € 21M a Qian Long Yu Bi Zhi Bao seal. Please watch the video shared by Hôtel Drouot.
This large seal 10.5 x 10.5 cm with an overall height of 9 cm was made of beige and red steatite from Shou Shan. Its decoration is a work of art loaded with symbols.
The upper part, 5 cm high, shows a knot of no less than nine closely entwined dragons pursuing the sacred pearl which is clearly visible and accessible right in the middle of the group. This figure symbolizes the imperial authority at its highest level. It surmounts a 4 cm carved base made up of a frieze of stylized dragons in the archaic style.
Qianlong
2011 UNPAID at € 12.4M at Chassaing-Marambat
2012 SOLD for € 3.8M by Chassaing-Marambat
On three times the auction house Chassaing-Marambat (previously Hervé Chassaing) has auctioned Qing seals.
Sold for € 5.5M on June 14, 2008, the first seal was outstanding for its period (Kangxi) and its dimensions.
Carved with a lying dragon, a Xintian Zhuren seal (a pseudonym of Qianlong after 1759) was sold for € 3.3M on 17 April 17, 2010.
The third seal was carved of the most prestigious theme : two entwined dragons. From the Qianlong period and measuring 7.7 cm high with a 9.9 cm square base, it raised the bid of € 12.4M including premium on 26 March 2011.
A transaction is only complete when the lot is paid and delivered. This is not the case with the latter seal, which was re-listed by the same auction house on March 31, 2012. when it was sold for € 3.8M.
Sold for € 5.5M on June 14, 2008, the first seal was outstanding for its period (Kangxi) and its dimensions.
Carved with a lying dragon, a Xintian Zhuren seal (a pseudonym of Qianlong after 1759) was sold for € 3.3M on 17 April 17, 2010.
The third seal was carved of the most prestigious theme : two entwined dragons. From the Qianlong period and measuring 7.7 cm high with a 9.9 cm square base, it raised the bid of € 12.4M including premium on 26 March 2011.
A transaction is only complete when the lot is paid and delivered. This is not the case with the latter seal, which was re-listed by the same auction house on March 31, 2012. when it was sold for € 3.8M.
1786 Qianlong Xintian Shuren
2010 SOLD for HK$ 122M by Sotheby's
Belonging to the Qing dynasty of Manchu origin, the Qianlong emperor wants to unify all the Chinese ethnic groups, certainly to escape a hegemony of the Han. His territory is separated from the Mongols and Tibetans by a rebel people, the Dzungars.
The war against the Dzungars ends with a Qing victory in the 24th year of the reign matching 1759 CE. The strategy proposed by the emperor himself had been determining. The area is emptied of its original occupants by genocide, deportation and smallpox and becomes Shintian (or Xinjiang) meaning new frontier.
Qianlong is immensely proud of his civilizing achievement on behalf of the authentic Chinese people. He agrees to add to his nicknames that of master of Shintian which is partly a homophony with Xintian Shuren meaning "the ruler who believes in heaven". In that period he has a significant quantity of seals made with that name.
Time passes. The emperor is getting older. During the 49th year of the reign, courtiers seek to reinterpret the sobriquet. Qianlong complacently writes a poem in which he is astonished that his civilizing work has been so completely supported by the heavens. New Xintian Shuren seals will be regularly created over the years to honor Shintian's master.
On October 7, 2010, Sotheby's sold as lot 2103 for HK $ 122M a very large seal with that mark. It was sold for RMB 94M by Poly on June 5, 2019, lot 5569.
This piece 12.9 cm square and 11 cm high in greenish white jade weighs 3.5 kg. The knob consists of a pair of superbly sculpted crossed dragons. Its production including chiseling and inscription had lasted five months. It is identified in the imperial archives during the 51st year of the reign matching 1786 CE.
The war against the Dzungars ends with a Qing victory in the 24th year of the reign matching 1759 CE. The strategy proposed by the emperor himself had been determining. The area is emptied of its original occupants by genocide, deportation and smallpox and becomes Shintian (or Xinjiang) meaning new frontier.
Qianlong is immensely proud of his civilizing achievement on behalf of the authentic Chinese people. He agrees to add to his nicknames that of master of Shintian which is partly a homophony with Xintian Shuren meaning "the ruler who believes in heaven". In that period he has a significant quantity of seals made with that name.
Time passes. The emperor is getting older. During the 49th year of the reign, courtiers seek to reinterpret the sobriquet. Qianlong complacently writes a poem in which he is astonished that his civilizing work has been so completely supported by the heavens. New Xintian Shuren seals will be regularly created over the years to honor Shintian's master.
On October 7, 2010, Sotheby's sold as lot 2103 for HK $ 122M a very large seal with that mark. It was sold for RMB 94M by Poly on June 5, 2019, lot 5569.
This piece 12.9 cm square and 11 cm high in greenish white jade weighs 3.5 kg. The knob consists of a pair of superbly sculpted crossed dragons. Its production including chiseling and inscription had lasted five months. It is identified in the imperial archives during the 51st year of the reign matching 1786 CE.
1796 Tai Shang Huang Di
Intro
The Qianlong emperor lived for 87 years, spanning most of the eighteenth century CE. He protected arts and culture with a refinement that made him in the following of his father Yongzheng the most effective art patron of all time.
He thought of his retirement which he had promised to take if his reign was to exceed 60 years. His grandfather Kangxi had reigned 61 years and this period should not be exceeded for a reason of respect. The emperor must be a model of virtue and can not change a wish or express a remorse.
The Qianlong era thus ends by the emperor's will on the 3rd day of the 9th month in the 60th year of his reign, February 8, 1796 CE. In a ceremony that brings together all his relatives, the old man awards to himself the rare and glorious title of Tai Shang Huang Di (Emperor Emeritus). He designates to succeed him his 15th son who opens the Bingchen year and the Jiaqing era.
He thus becomes the equal of the very first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, and his virtue will remain greater than that of the reigning emperor because the sky does not have two suns. Examples of an abdication like Qianlong's without a palace revolution are of course exceptional in Chinese history.
Qianlong retires from political life but retains an intense literary and artistic activity. Three weeks after his abdication, he issues an edict commissioning a first seal with his new designation. The prototype, 22.5 cm square, is in the collection of the Palace Museum. For this new variety, he composes a poem to be engraved on the sides of the seal.
He thought of his retirement which he had promised to take if his reign was to exceed 60 years. His grandfather Kangxi had reigned 61 years and this period should not be exceeded for a reason of respect. The emperor must be a model of virtue and can not change a wish or express a remorse.
The Qianlong era thus ends by the emperor's will on the 3rd day of the 9th month in the 60th year of his reign, February 8, 1796 CE. In a ceremony that brings together all his relatives, the old man awards to himself the rare and glorious title of Tai Shang Huang Di (Emperor Emeritus). He designates to succeed him his 15th son who opens the Bingchen year and the Jiaqing era.
He thus becomes the equal of the very first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, and his virtue will remain greater than that of the reigning emperor because the sky does not have two suns. Examples of an abdication like Qianlong's without a palace revolution are of course exceptional in Chinese history.
Qianlong retires from political life but retains an intense literary and artistic activity. Three weeks after his abdication, he issues an edict commissioning a first seal with his new designation. The prototype, 22.5 cm square, is in the collection of the Palace Museum. For this new variety, he composes a poem to be engraved on the sides of the seal.
1
2011 SOLD for RMB 160M by Poly
About twenty Tai Shang Huang Di seals are made. Almost all of them are square or rectangular, symbols of the earth.
The only shape exception is a cylinder 4.6 cm in diameter and 5 cm high, dated Bingchen. It is in translucent white jade with russet at the top of the piece engraved at this place with a pictogram between two qilings. Qianlong named such a perfect stone a Han white jade.
The poem is carved in archaic calligraphy and it can be assumed that this jade was reused from a Han seal. Such historical reminiscence is unique among Tai Shang Huang Di seals. The circle is the symbol of the sky.
It has been sold twice by Sotheby's, for HK $ 46M on October 9, 2007, lot 1301, and for HK $ 96M on April 8, 2010, lot 1815 here linked on the Invaluable bidding platform. It was later sold for RMB 160M by Poly, on December 6, 2011, lot 4982.
The only shape exception is a cylinder 4.6 cm in diameter and 5 cm high, dated Bingchen. It is in translucent white jade with russet at the top of the piece engraved at this place with a pictogram between two qilings. Qianlong named such a perfect stone a Han white jade.
The poem is carved in archaic calligraphy and it can be assumed that this jade was reused from a Han seal. Such historical reminiscence is unique among Tai Shang Huang Di seals. The circle is the symbol of the sky.
It has been sold twice by Sotheby's, for HK $ 46M on October 9, 2007, lot 1301, and for HK $ 96M on April 8, 2010, lot 1815 here linked on the Invaluable bidding platform. It was later sold for RMB 160M by Poly, on December 6, 2011, lot 4982.
2
Shi Bao
2016 SOLD for HK$ 91M by Sotheby's
During his reign, Qianlong was a great lover of seals that he used to put his imperial mark on the documents and works of art that he had consulted. He had now changed his own denomination and ordered the execution of the Taishang Huangdi shi Bao seals meaning the seals of the treasure of the Emperor Supreme.
A very large seal 22.5 cm square is made for the purpose to serve as a model and will never be used. It is kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing. Copies are made in various smaller sizes using the finest jades.
The largest of the seals actually used by Taishang Huang is 13 cm square. It was carved in a boulder of green jade from Khotan on the motif of two addorsed dragons. This prestigious piece was sold for HK $ 91M by Sotheby's on October 5, 2016, lot 3304. It is offered with its original zitan stand but its box was lost. Please watch here below the video shared by the auction house.
A Taishang Huangdi with a 8.2 cm square base surmounted with two entwined dragons was sold for HK $ 64.5M by Sotheby's on April 8, 2011. It embeds on its sides a poem in which the emeritus Emperor Qianlong explains his abdication. Some minor wear was announced in the catalog.
A very large seal 22.5 cm square is made for the purpose to serve as a model and will never be used. It is kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing. Copies are made in various smaller sizes using the finest jades.
The largest of the seals actually used by Taishang Huang is 13 cm square. It was carved in a boulder of green jade from Khotan on the motif of two addorsed dragons. This prestigious piece was sold for HK $ 91M by Sotheby's on October 5, 2016, lot 3304. It is offered with its original zitan stand but its box was lost. Please watch here below the video shared by the auction house.
A Taishang Huangdi with a 8.2 cm square base surmounted with two entwined dragons was sold for HK $ 64.5M by Sotheby's on April 8, 2011. It embeds on its sides a poem in which the emeritus Emperor Qianlong explains his abdication. Some minor wear was announced in the catalog.
The Imperial 'Taishang Huangdi Zhi Bao' Seal - the largest ever used by the Qianlong Emperor - fetches HK$91.5m/US$11.8m in #HK pic.twitter.com/9VPJ3SdO12
— Sotheby's (@Sothebys) October 5, 2016
early Jiaqing pair of Jadeite Seals
2010 SOLD for HK$ 79M by Sotheby's
The Jiaqing emperor succeeded his father Qianlong in 1796 CE. In terms of jade seals, he innovated early in his reign by having made three small sets in jadeite instead of the usual nephrite. The inscriptions of his seals often include his name.
A pair of large 7.1 cm square seals was sold by Sotheby's on October 7, 2010 for HK $ 79M from a lower estimate of HK $ 8M, lot 2102. The archives of the Jiaqing reign confirm that they were originally housed in the same case.
They respectively read Jiaqing yubi zhibao and jiaqing yulan zhibao meaning Treasure from the hand of the Jiaqing emperor and Treasure for the viewing pleasure of the Jiaqing emperor.
Their jadeite is transparent and lustrous, their green varying from dark to light with patches of white. Each button is made of an intertwined pair of carved and incised dragons with a detailed expression including bulging eyes and sharp fangs.
A pair of large 7.1 cm square seals was sold by Sotheby's on October 7, 2010 for HK $ 79M from a lower estimate of HK $ 8M, lot 2102. The archives of the Jiaqing reign confirm that they were originally housed in the same case.
They respectively read Jiaqing yubi zhibao and jiaqing yulan zhibao meaning Treasure from the hand of the Jiaqing emperor and Treasure for the viewing pleasure of the Jiaqing emperor.
Their jadeite is transparent and lustrous, their green varying from dark to light with patches of white. Each button is made of an intertwined pair of carved and incised dragons with a detailed expression including bulging eyes and sharp fangs.
1831 Daoguang Shen De Tang Bao
2011 SOLD for RMB 91M by Poly
A large imperial seal was sold for RMB 91M by Poly on December 6, 2011, lot 4984. It is made in dense and hard Xinjiang Hetian or Khotian white jade, reminiscent of the most beautiful Qianlong seal carvings.
It is inscribed Shen De Tang Bao directly referring to the system of artworks of the Xuanzong Daoguang emperor. It was made for a family opportunity of that emperor in the Shende hall of the Qing palace just completed in the 11th year of Daoguang matching 1831 CE.
This piece is 10 cm high over a 11.5 cm square base. The button is carved with two crossed dragons, one of them with two heads. The beasts are roaring backwards. The sides are inscribed with poetry and prose.
It is inscribed Shen De Tang Bao directly referring to the system of artworks of the Xuanzong Daoguang emperor. It was made for a family opportunity of that emperor in the Shende hall of the Qing palace just completed in the 11th year of Daoguang matching 1831 CE.
This piece is 10 cm high over a 11.5 cm square base. The button is carved with two crossed dragons, one of them with two heads. The beasts are roaring backwards. The sides are inscribed with poetry and prose.
