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Decade 1930-1939

Except otherwise stated, all results below include the premium.
See also : Top 10  Sculpture  Bust  The Woman  Nude  Animals  Picasso  Marie-Thérèse  Picasso later 1930s  Mondrian  Russia and Eastern Europe  Brancusi
Decade 1920-1929

​1930 Composition en Rouge, Bleu et Jaune by Mondrian
2022 SOLD for $ 51M by Sotheby's

On November 14, 2022, Sotheby's sold for $ 51M a Composition en rouge, bleu et jaune 51 x 51 cm painted in 1930 by Mondrian, lot 105. Please watch the video shared by the auction house where Bridget Riley narrates the influence of Mondrian on her own art.

This image is asymmetrically divided by a horizontal and a vertical end to end lines. A dominant bright red fills the upper right as a square while the other three quadrants are narrower for the escape to infinity. There is no black border on the canvas but it is mounted in a light grey artist's frame.

The smaller quadrant on the opposite side of the red is an escaping vivid blue. The upper left and lower right areas are split by a horizontal line twice thicker than the other lines, a departure of that year from Mondrian's austere rules. The lower right is on its turn split in two by a vertical line to display an escaping bright yellow corner.

Piet Mondrian's Composition No. II from 1930 is coming to @Sothebys in Nov with a $50m estimate. This matches the selling price of similar but slightly smaller work sold 7 years ago. pic.twitter.com/B2e0hqj45s

— LiveArt (@artmarket) October 6, 2022
Mondrian
1930

1932 PICASSO
​Intro

Picasso is dazzled by the blonde beauty of Marie-Thérèse Walter when he meets her by chance on January 8 of a year that has not been identified with certainty. Sweet and docile, she agrees to become his muse. Picasso is married to Olga and his affair with Marie-Thérèse is illegal. Cautiously he waits before portraying his girlfriend in erotic positions.

Marie-Thérèse attains her legal majority on July 13, 1930, thus putting an end to the torment of Tantalus of her passionate lover. Olga has not yet discovered this infidelity. Remaining cautious, Picasso buys the château of Boisgeloup in the same month to install away from Paris his mistress and his second studio. In 1931 he carves many busts where he captures the roundnesses of the head and face of Marie-Thérèse.

His paintings of December 1931 dared to introduce recognizable features including the blonde hair and the rounded rosy cheeks.


In January 1932, willing to display the nude, he is more cautious and comes back to his style of the previous phase where the face cannot be identified. The first full nudes are Le Repos on January 22 and Le Sommeil on January 23.

Le Rêve, oil on canvas 130 x 97 cm painted on January 24, 1932, indeed marks the point of no return. It was sold for $ 48M by Christie's on November 10, 1997.
​
This dressed portrait is one of the very first where the young blonde woman is recognizable. Picasso had chosen her for the voluptuous beauty of her curves. She sleeps peacefully in an armchair, her head bent over her right shoulder. It is however a dream. Picasso uses his signature vision in multiple perspectives but teratology is rarer. Yet here Marie-Thérèse has six fingers on each hand.

For the artist, this dream is also erotic, perhaps ending a long period of frustration when he did not want to be accused of abusing a minor. This painting offers in several places a double reading, quiet and pornographic. Such a mingling is rare : later Pablo will rather tend to associate with pornography a complacently autobiographical bestiality.

1
March 8 Nu, Feuilles vertes et Buste
​2010 SOLD for $ 106M by Christie

A masterpiece of Picasso is assessed from afar. The grammar of the master, which so varied over the years, is perfectly recognizable. And yet, the observer has the impression of seeing something new.

On March 8, 1932 this young man of 50 years wants to express the strength of his love for Marie-Thérèse Walter. The result is that Nude, green leaves and bust for sale by Christie's on May 4, 2010. It was sold for $ 106M.

The young woman is glorified twice: despite the stylization typical of the Picassos of that time, the bust looks unmistakably similar as the head of the nude. The young woman sleeps peacefully, lying on her back, offered in the nude before the artist's eyes. The leaves symbolize the force of spring ... and that of the painter, for sure. The bright colors in flat areas increase the perfect legibility of the work. The painting is illustrated in the press release shared by AuctionPublicity

This lot has many qualities. It is large (162 x 130 cm). It was recorded, but was not shown to the public for half a century.

Nude

2
March 13 La Dormeuse
2018 SOLD for £ 42M by Phillips

The role of Marie-Thérèse is easy to perform : Pablo adores her when she sleeps. Le Rêve, famous for its innocent and sexual dual reading, is painted on January 24. This 130 x 97 cm oil on canvas was sold for $ 48M including premium by Christie's on November 10, 1997.

In March Picasso realizes a series of sleeping nudes, from memory in Paris or from live in Boisgeloup. The Nu, Feuilles vertes et Buste painted on March 8, 162 x 130 cm, is emblematic of this series by its finish, with simple lines and pure colors that once again aim to compete with Matisse. It was sold for $ 106M including premium by Christie's on May 4, 2010.

On March 12 Le Miroir, 130 x 97 cm, introduces a new audacity, the reflection allowing to see her body from front and from behind.

On March 13 La Dormeuse, 130 x 162 cm, is the last painting in this series. A synthesis of the images of March 8 and 12, it releases the woman from the useless accessories replaced by a simple area of blue sky. The landscape format allows the life size of this lying nude. The visual torsion of the body ensures the fullness of the desire of the artist who displays side by side the sex and the buttocks.

The Dormeuse was made in oil and charcoal, offering the spontaneity of a drawing. It keeps very visible the repentances of lines, as if the artist had actually observed the breathing of his muse in her sleep. If so, it was painted at Boisgeloup. This work of exceptional intimacy has been lovingly kept by Picasso until his death.

It was sold for £ 42M from an estimated of £ 12M by Phillips on March 8, 2018, lot 10. Please watch the video shared by the auction house.

3
​April 2 Femme Nue Couchée
2022 SOLD for $ 68M by Sotheby's

Picasso considered as one of his masterpieces his Nu, feuilles vertes et buste executed on March 8, 1932 and its slightly shortened version from the next day, Nu au fauteuil noir. As evidenced also by Le Rêve from six weeks earlier, he aimed to share his previously forbidden sexual excitement for the reclining nude body of Marie-Thérèse.

On April 2 he tries a zoomorphic version inspired by the 1928 short documentary film La Pieuvre by Jean Painlevé. An octopus has indeed in its body and eight arms the flexibility that Pablo would desire from his female partners.

Femme nue couchée has the same overall position as the Nus from March, with the head fully thrown back. The body, neck and limbs are now represented as six pointed legs in the style of an octopus while the pair of breasts are placed like the two mesmerizing eyes of that animal.

This oil and Ripolin 130 x 162 cm makes the female body oversized compared with the March 8 nude but is still smaller than the most giant octopus. The animal is reputed for its intelligence, which is definitely not the impression that Picasso would forward with his carefree sleeping Marie-Thérèses. The surrounding is like a carpet on a beach with the sea behind, reminding the happy holidays at Dinard.

This daring picture was not included in the June-July 1932 groundbreaking solo exhibition at Georges Petit in 1932. It was first publicly illustrated in 1936.

It was sold for $ 68M by Sotheby's on May 18, 2022, lot 23. Please watch the short video shared by the auction house.
Animals

4
​August 17 Femme à la Montre
2023 SOLD for $ 140M by Sotheby's

The June 15 to July 1932 solo retrospective exhibition at the Galerie Georges Petit had been a deserving effort for Pablo Picasso. It included no less than 225 works of which 18 from that year.

Back at least facing his muse, Picasso prepared a tribute painting to her. Femme à la montre, oil on canvas 130 x 97 cm, was painted on August 17.

The golden haired Marie-Thérèse is enthroned in profile. The head is complemented to full face in a contrasted effect of sun and moon. The bodice is green checked in an additional challenge to Matisse's odalisque tapestries. A single visible breast is nude. The vivid blue flat background reminds the rare lapis lazuli pigment in Renaissance painting. The forearm is posed on a table decorated à la grecque, echoing Marie-Thérèse Grecian features.

Femme à la montre had been kept by the artist until 1966 when he sold it to Beyeler after signing it with Jacqueline's red nail varnish. It was sold for $ 140M on November 8, 2023 by Sotheby's, lot 10 in the sale of the Fisher Landau collection. Please watch the video shared by the auction house.
Top 10
The Woman
Picasso
Marie-Thérèse
20th century
1932

5
​​October 30 Femme assise près d'une Fenêtre
2021 SOLD for $ 103M by Christie's

Throughout the year 1932, Picasso furiously painted his beloved muse Marie-Thérèse in many attitudes. His iconography of the new goddess is huge, but all pictures display the great control of his hand for drawing the curves.

The previous year had been devoted to plaster busts. As Modigliani before him, Picasso changed in his painting the reality of the forms after observing his own statues.

Femme assise près d'une fenêtre, oil on canvas 146 x 114 cm painted on October 30 at Boisgeloup, was sold for £ 28.6M by Sotheby's on February 5, 2013. and for $ 103M by Christie's on May 13, 2021, lot 15 B. The April 6, 2021 press release announced an estimate in the region of $ 55M.

The young woman is seen in full profile, gently seated in an armchair by the window. Despite the stylized lines, her presence is felt with intensity. These sinuous lines are also framing the areas of flat colors, in the follow of Matisse and Léger. The eyebrow and the eye went down on the cheek and the face went forward like a protruding lunar mask. The shawl on the shoulder is shaped as a Nike's wing.

​1932 La Jeune Fille Sophistiquée by Brancusi
​2018 SOLD for $ 71M by Christie's

Being a muse for Brancusi was not a difficult task. He had met Margit Pogany very briefly in 1910 but liked the shape of her head which inspired him until the mid-1920s.

The heads sculpted by Brancusi are not abstract. He considers that everything that overflows, mainly nose and ears, is inappropriate to express the deep reality of a portrait. He gradually reduces these growths to a surface carving up to removing them completely.

Around 1925 he made a wooden bust 55 cm high on the theme of La Jeune Fille Sophistiquée. He takes Nancy Cunard as a model, without telling her. The heiress of the Cunard shipowners, she has an eccentric life that symbolizes the roaring twenties in the Parisian literary and artistic circles. She is sexually liberated and anarchist, and her attires are inspired by Africa.

The almost abstract head is indeed a portrait. Comparing with the photos of the period, we recognize the bulging forehead and the receding chin, and the stiff neck from behind. This disturbing muse always offers in the photos an unpleasant pout that we imagine also through the rare incisions of the sculpture. The pinched bun is an evocation of her signature bunches.

Brancusi made a plaster in 1928 and a unique polished bronze in 1932. This bronze is still installed on the marble base designed by the artist, for a total height of 80 cm. It was sold for $ 71M at lot 19 A by Christie's on May 15, 2018. Please watch the video shared by the auction house.

Nancy Cunard discovered many years later that she had served as a model for this artwork. After hesitating in its interpretation as a bust or a torso, she expressed her admiration for the artist.
Sculpture
Bust
Russia and Eastern Europe
Brancusi

1937 Femme au Béret et à la Robe Quadrillée by Picasso
​​2018 SOLD for £ 50M by Sotheby's

In 1937 Picasso is deeply saddened by the Spanish war. He is no longer the matamore disguised as a Minotaur. The impromptu meeting of his two mistresses in his workshop during the preparation of Guernica also opens a major sentimental dilemma. He makes his choice : his fate attracts him to Dora but he will not break with Marie-Thérèse.

He tries by their portraits to compare the opposite temperaments of his two mistresses. Two paintings dated in the same day, December 4, 1937, displays them separately. The contours of the faces are identical, in his signature style defining altogether front side and profile. The eyes, nose, mouth and even the big heart-shaped tear that covers the entire cheek are similar.

Beyond such a similarity the differences are all the more significant, as for example between the white skin of Marie-Thérèse and the bright yellow of Dora. Maya's young mother is nicely dressed in a checkered dress and wears a beret. The new mistress has a circus hat and a fur collar.

Pablo has hidden his dual love in both individual portraits. The oval shadow that appears between Dora's face and her dark hair is Marie-Thérèse's cheek. On the dark background of Marie-Thérèse's portrait a black shadow is barely discernible. This one follows the right profile of the head in an angular line that evokes Dora.

This interpretation is not exaggerated. The symbolic use of shadow had already been practiced by Pablo as a self-portrait behind Olga in 1931 when he was still trying to hide his relationship with Marie-Thérèse but had already decided to part from his wife.

On January 12, 1938 Picasso gives a continuation to the double portrait of the previous month by amalgamating the features of Dora and Marie-Thérèse in a single figure. Buste de femme (femme à la résille) was sold for $ 67M by Christie's on May 11, 2015. These three artworks of 1937 and 1938 were highly important for Picasso seeking to control his own emotional crisis : he kept them until his death 35 years later.

On February 28, 2018, Sotheby's sold for £ 50M as lot 7 Femme au béret et à la robe quadrillée (Marie-Thérèse Walter), the oil on canvas 55 x 46 cm painted on December 4, 1937. Please watch the video shared by the auction house.
1937

January 1938 Femme à la Résille by Picasso
​2015 SOLD for $ 67M by Christie's

After Guernica, Picasso accepts an evidence: he now has two mistresses. He loves them for opposite reasons and decides not to choose. The sweet Marie-Thérèse is the mother of Maya. Dora invites for a passionate relationship.

Of course, the two women can not get along. Pablo is amused. He executes parallel portraits and goes to mix their features in the same figure. Presented in the anonymity of the sitter, these portraits do not reveal their identity with certainty.

On May 11, 2015, Christie's sold for $ 67M at lot 15A Buste de femme (femme à la résille), oil on canvas 65 x 54 cm painted in Paris on January 12, 1938.

In front of a bright red background, the colors of the skin and the clothes are also strident. In her enthusiasm, Dora insinuated that when he changed his mistress Picasso changed also his style, his life, his friends and even his dog.

The exotic funny hat and the fishnet do not belong to Marie-Thérèse but Dora is not the only desire of the artist who is embarrassed by the colorist glory of his great rival Matisse. The eyes on two different levels are not only the reconstruction of perspective in the Cubist style, they also mark the duality of this figure whose face includes some lines from Marie-Thérèse.

This painting was important to Pablo who will never parted from it. The auction house did not publish an estimate.
Picasso Later 1930s
1938

1938 Femme assise dans un Jardin by Picasso
1999 SOLD for $ 49.5M by Sotheby's

In 1935 Picasso was obsessed with his illusion of incarnation in the Minotaur. The sweet Marie-Thérèse, who gives birth to Maya, cannot help him in this satisfaction. He meets Dora Maar at that time.

Everything opposes the blonde and the brunette. Dora is a photographer and an artist. She is exuberant in the colors of her hats, brooches and nails, and her lipstick is too intense. As early as 1936 Picasso paints her in the nude, handed over to the Minotaur.

In 1937 Dora participates in the preparation of Guernica by Pablo and becomes his mistress. La Femme qui pleure is Dora's incorporation into the drama of Spain. From 1938 Pablo develops a new iconography of his goddess by placing her on a large armchair that looks like a throne.

On November 10, 1999, Sotheby's sold for $ 49.5M Femme assise dans un jardin, which is a portrait of Dora.

This 130 x 97 cm oil on canvas is an explosion of bright colors. Pablo painted it in a single day, December 10, 1938. The garden is a naive drawing of stylized branches. The war is temporarily forgotten.

Femme assise dans un jardin is illustrated in 2006 in an article shared by Artnet, alongside Dora Maar au chat which had just been sold by Sotheby's for $ 95M.

The resemblance is striking between these two works of same dimensions. The composition is similar. Dora Maar au chat, painted in 1941, is a war painting. The joyous freedom of the garden is replaced by a mere wall. This lockdown is compensated by a forced smile and the black cat, the only additional symbol that supersedes the garden, is an evil intrusion.

1940-1949
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